Illinois Concealed Carry Laws Overview

Governing Law

Illinois concealed carry is governed by the Firearm Concealed Carry Act, Public Act 98-63, codified at 430 ILCS 66, which became state law on July 9, 2013. The Illinois State Police (ISP) Firearms Services Bureau administers the Concealed Carry Licensing (CCL) program.

Permit System

Illinois is a shall-issue state that requires an Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL) to carry a concealed firearm. The state does not allow permitless (constitutional) carry.

Key Features

• Concealed carry only - Open carry is not permitted. A handgun must be completely or mostly concealed from public view.
• FOID Card required - Illinois residents must possess a valid Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) Card to be eligible for a CCL. The CCL is not a replacement for the FOID card.
• Issuing authority: Illinois State Police, Firearms Services Bureau

FOID Card Requirement

Under the Firearm Owner's Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65), created in 1968, any Illinois resident who acquires or possesses firearms, firearm ammunition, tasers, or stun guns must possess a valid FOID card, unless specifically exempted by statute.

• FOID Fee: $10.00 (plus ePay service fee)
• FOID Validity: 10 years, subject to auto-renewal in certain circumstances
• Active military members are exempt from the FOID application fee under 430 ILCS 65/5(a)
• Beginning January 1, 2023, FOID cards may be automatically renewed for individuals who have submitted fingerprints to ISP and receive a FTIP approval

CCL Eligibility Requirements

To qualify for an Illinois Concealed Carry License, an applicant must:

• Be at least 21 years of age
• Have a currently valid FOID card (Illinois residents)
• Not be prohibited under federal law from possessing or receiving a firearm
• Not have been convicted or found guilty of:
  • A misdemeanor involving the use or threat of physical force or violence within the last 5 years
  • Two or more DUI violations within the last 5 years
• Not be the subject of a pending arrest warrant, prosecution, or proceeding for a disqualifying offense
• Not have been in residential or court-ordered treatment for alcoholism, alcohol detoxification, or drug treatment within the last 5 years
• Have completed 16 hours of firearms training, including classroom and range instruction

Fees

Training Requirements

Applicants must complete a 16-hour firearms training course that covers, at minimum:

1. Firearms Safety - minimum 1 hour
2. Basic Principles of Marksmanship - minimum 1 hour
3. Care, Cleaning, Loading and Unloading of a Concealable Firearm - minimum 1 hour
4. Applicable State and Federal Laws (ownership, storage, carry, transportation, and interaction with law enforcement) - minimum 2 hours
5. Weapons Handling - minimum 1 range hour

Live-Fire Qualification

• Minimum of 30 rounds fired at a B-27 silhouette target
• 10 rounds from 5 yards, 10 rounds from 7 yards, 10 rounds from 10 yards
• Hits must impact within the black portion of the silhouette

Training Credit

• Active, retired, and honorably discharged members of the U.S. Armed Forces receive credit for 8 hours of the 16-hour requirement
• Applicants who completed training approved by ISP and recognized under another state's laws may receive up to 8 hours of credit
• CCL renewal requires a 3-hour refresher training course

Application Processing Times

• With electronic fingerprints: ISP issues or denies the CCL within 90 days of receiving a completed application
• Without fingerprints: ISP is granted an additional 30 days (up to 120 days total) for a manual background check

License Validity

• A newly issued CCL is valid for 5 years
• Illinois now issues combination (Combo) FOID/CCL cards with a CCL indicator ("CCL: Yes" or "CCL: No") and no printed expiration date
• An eCard is available through the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website for digital display

Out-of-State Residents

Out-of-state residents may obtain an Illinois CCL only if they reside in a state with laws substantially similar to Illinois requirements. Currently, the only states deemed substantially similar are:

• Arkansas
• Idaho
• Mississippi
• Nevada
• Texas
• Virginia

Exemptions from CCL Requirement

The following individuals are exempt from the CCL requirement:

• Current peace officers
• Retired police officers eligible under a federally approved retired officer concealed carry program (e.g., the Illinois Retired Officer Concealed Carry (IROCC) Program)

Parking Lot Exception

CCL holders prohibited from carrying into a prohibited location may:

• Carry a concealed firearm within a vehicle into the parking area
• Store a firearm or ammunition concealed in a case within a locked vehicle or locked container out of plain view
• Carry a concealed firearm in the immediate area surrounding the vehicle only for the limited purpose of storing or retrieving a firearm from the vehicle's trunk
• This exception does not apply to areas where firearms are prohibited under federal law or property regulated by the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Places of Worship

A CCL holder may not carry a concealed firearm at a place of worship if there is a pre-school, after-school program, or faith-based school on the premises, regardless of authorization from religious leaders. If no such programs exist on the premises, carry is permitted unless the place of worship has posted signage prohibiting concealed firearms.

Revocation and Compliance

Under 430 ILCS 66/70(g), within 48 hours of receiving notification of CCL revocation, the holder must:

1. Surrender the CCL to local law enforcement
2. If the CCL has been lost, surrendered, or destroyed, complete a CCL Lost/Destroyed/Stolen Affidavit

Reporting Requirements

• Lost or stolen CCL: Must notify ISP within 10 days of discovery
• Lost or stolen firearms: Must report to local law enforcement within 48 hours of discovery, including date, last known location, caliber, make, model, serial number, and circumstances
• Failure to report loss or theft of a firearm two or more times may result in FOID revocation (effective January 1, 2026 for FOID eligibility purposes)

Gun Storage Requirements

Illinois law requires firearms to be placed in a securely locked box or container when children under 18, persons prohibited from having firearms, or persons at risk of harming themselves or others are present.

Protect Illinois Communities Act (PICA)

Illinois enacted the Protect Illinois Communities Act (PICA), which regulates assault weapons, high-capacity magazines, and other devices. Endorsement affidavits may be required for certain items listed under the Act.

Contact Information

• Firearms Services Bureau: 801 South Seventh Suite 400M, Springfield, IL 62703
• Phone: (217) 782-7980
• Email: ISP.AskFOIDandCCL@illinois.gov
• Online Portal: https://www.ispfsb.com/Public/Home.aspx

Illinois Concealed Carry Permit Basics

Overview

Illinois concealed carry licenses are issued by the Illinois State Police (ISP) under the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66). Illinois also requires a Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) Card under the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65) as a prerequisite to firearm possession.

License Validity & Scope

• A concealed carry license is valid for 5 years from the date of issuance (430 ILCS 66/10(c)).
• The license is valid throughout the State of Illinois.
• A license permits the holder to:
  1. Carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully concealed or partially concealed, on or about his or her person.
  2. Keep or carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle.

Issuance Requirements (430 ILCS 66/10(a))

The Illinois State Police shall issue a concealed carry license to an applicant who:

1. Meets the qualifications of Section 25 of the Act;
2. Has provided the application and documentation required in Section 30 of the Act;
3. Has submitted the requisite fees; and
4. Does not pose a danger to himself, herself, or others, or a threat to public safety as determined by the Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board in accordance with Section 20.

Processing Timeline

• The ISP must issue or deny a license no later than 90 days after receipt of a completed application (430 ILCS 66/10(e)).
• The ISP will notify the applicant electronically to confirm receipt of all required information and materials.
• If an application submitted electronically is missing information, the ISP will notify the applicant electronically.

FOID Card Prerequisite

Eligibility for a FOID Card

To be eligible for a FOID card, a person must:

• Be 21 years of age, or have a parent or guardian sponsor who is eligible for a FOID card.
• Be a resident of the State of Illinois (in most cases).
• Not be prohibited from possessing firearms under state or federal law.

FOID Disqualifying Factors

An applicant must not have or be:

• Convicted of a felony
• Addicted to narcotics
• A patient in a mental health facility within the past 5 years
• Intellectually disabled
• An alien who is unlawfully present in the United States
• Subject to an existing order of protection
• Convicted within the past 5 years of battery, assault, aggravated assault, violation of an order of protection, or a substantially similar offense in another jurisdiction, in which a firearm was used or possessed
• Convicted of domestic battery, aggravated domestic battery, or a substantially similar offense in another jurisdiction
• An alien admitted under a non-immigrant visa (unless an official representative of a foreign government or who received a waiver from the U.S. Attorney General)
• A minor subject to a petition under the Juvenile Court Act of 1987 alleging delinquency for an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult
• An adult adjudicated a delinquent minor under the Juvenile Court Act of 1987 for an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult
• A person whose mental condition poses a clear and present danger to the applicant, any other person, or the community
• Developmentally disabled
• Having renounced their citizenship
• Dishonorably discharged from the United States Armed Forces
• Convicted of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence
• Having failed 2 or more times to report a loss or theft of a firearm within 48 hours of discovery (Effective January 1, 2026)

Special Provisions

• Military minors: Minors who are active duty military may have the parental sponsor requirement waived by ISP. They must submit their Orders annually for the FOID card to remain valid.
• Medical marijuana / cannabis users: Under Illinois law, medical marijuana cardholders and recreational cannabis users are eligible for a FOID card. However, under federal law (18 U.S.C. § 922), they are subject to restrictions prohibiting acquisition or possession of firearms and ammunition. These federal restrictions remain in effect for one year after revocation or relinquishment of a medical cannabis card.

Carrying Requirements

Possession of License

A licensee must possess the license at all times while carrying a concealed firearm, except (430 ILCS 66/10(g)):

1. When carrying on his or her own land, in his or her abode, legal dwelling, or fixed place of business, or on the land or in the legal dwelling of another person as an invitee with permission;
2. When authorized to carry under Section 24-2 of the Criminal Code of 2012 (except subsection (a-5)); or
3. When the handgun is broken down in a non-functioning state, is not immediately accessible, or is unloaded and enclosed in a case.

Law Enforcement Interactions (430 ILCS 66/10(h))

During an investigative stop (including traffic stops):

• Upon request of the officer, the licensee must disclose that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm, or present the license.
• Upon request, the licensee must identify the location of the concealed firearm and permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the stop.
• Passengers in a vehicle who are licensees must also comply with these requirements during a traffic stop.

Emergency Services Contact (430 ILCS 66/10(h-1))

• Law enforcement or emergency services personnel may secure the firearm or direct that it be secured during the contact if deemed necessary for safety.
• The licensee must submit to the order to secure the firearm.
• The firearm shall be returned before releasing the licensee from the scene, provided the licensee is not a threat and is physically and mentally capable of possessing the firearm.
• If the licensee is transported for treatment, the firearm shall be turned over to a peace officer who must provide a receipt including make, model, caliber, and serial number.

Denial of Application

The ISP shall deny a license if (430 ILCS 66/10(f)):

• The applicant fails to meet the requirements under the Act; or
• The Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board determines the applicant is ineligible.

The ISP must notify the applicant of the grounds for denial and inform the applicant of the right to appeal through administrative and judicial review.

Database & Monitoring

• The ISP maintains a database of license applicants and licensees, accessible to federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies, State's Attorneys, the Attorney General, and authorized court personnel (430 ILCS 66/10(i)).
• Within 10 days of receiving a completed application, the ISP enters relevant applicant information into the law enforcement database (430 ILCS 66/10(j)).
• The ISP continuously monitors relevant state and federal databases for firearms prohibitors and correlates those records with concealed carry license holders (430 ILCS 66/10(k)).

Key Statutory References

Illinois Concealed Carry Laws

Legal Authority

On July 9, 2013, Public Act 98-63, the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66), became state law. This law requires an Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL) to carry a concealed firearm in Illinois.

Issuing Authority

The Illinois State Police (ISP) is the issuing authority for concealed carry licenses in Illinois (430 ILCS 66/10).

Who Needs a CCL?

Everyone who wants to carry a concealed firearm on his or her person in Illinois is required to have an Illinois Concealed Carry License, except:

• Current peace officers
• Retired police officers eligible under a federally approved retired officer concealed carry program, such as the Illinois Retired Officer Concealed Carry (IROCC) Program

Retired officers may be eligible to carry under either the IROCC Program or the Firearm Concealed Carry Act; however, the CCL may be more restrictive.

Issuance Requirements (430 ILCS 66/10)

The Illinois State Police shall issue a license to carry a concealed firearm to an applicant who:

1. Meets the qualifications of Section 25 of the Act
2. Has provided the application and documentation required in Section 30 of the Act
3. Has submitted the requisite fees
4. Does not pose a danger to himself, herself, or others, or a threat to public safety as determined by the Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board in accordance with Section 20

License Validity and Privileges (430 ILCS 66/10(c))

A license is:

• Valid throughout the State of Illinois
• Valid for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance

A license permits the licensee to:

1. Carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully concealed or partially concealed, on or about his or her person
2. Keep or carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle

Application Processing

• Applications are submitted electronically through the ISP Firearms Services Bureau portal
• A completed application must be acted upon (issued or denied) within 90 days of receipt
• The ISP shall notify the applicant electronically to confirm if all required information and materials have been received
• If an application submitted electronically is missing information or materials, the ISP shall notify the applicant electronically

Possession and Disclosure Requirements

Carrying the License (430 ILCS 66/10(g))

A licensee shall possess a license at all times while carrying a concealed firearm, except:

1. When carrying or possessing a concealed firearm on his or her own land, in his or her abode, legal dwelling, or fixed place of business, or on the land or in the legal dwelling of another person as an invitee with that person's permission
2. When authorized to carry a firearm under Section 24-2 of the Criminal Code of 2012 (except subsection (a-5))
3. When the handgun is broken down in a non-functioning state, is not immediately accessible, or is unloaded and enclosed in a case

Duty to Disclose During Law Enforcement Contact (430 ILCS 66/10(h))

If a law enforcement officer initiates an investigative stop (including a traffic stop):

• Upon request of the officer, the licensee shall disclose that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm, or present the license upon request
• Upon request, the licensee shall identify the location of the concealed firearm
• Upon request, the licensee shall permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the investigative stop
• During a traffic stop, any passenger who is a licensee or qualified non-resident must also comply with these requirements

Contact with Law Enforcement or Emergency Services (430 ILCS 66/10(h-1))

• Law enforcement or emergency services personnel may secure the firearm or direct that it be secured during the contact if deemed necessary for safety
• The licensee shall submit to the order to secure the firearm
• The firearm shall be returned before releasing the licensee from the scene, provided the licensee is not a threat and is physically and mentally capable of possessing the firearm
• If the licensee is transported for treatment, the firearm shall be turned over to a peace officer who shall provide a receipt including the make, model, caliber, and serial number

Out-of-State Residents

Out-of-state residents may obtain an Illinois CCL, but only residents of states or territories with laws related to firearm ownership, possession, and carrying that are substantially similar to Illinois requirements are eligible.

As of the most recent ISP determination, the states considered substantially similar are:

• Arkansas
• Idaho
• Mississippi
• Nevada
• Texas
• Virginia

Reciprocity

Illinois does not have broad reciprocity with other states. According to the Pennsylvania Attorney General's reciprocity summary, Illinois is listed among states that do not recognize Pennsylvania concealed carry licenses, and Pennsylvania residents cannot carry in Illinois without a separate Illinois-issued CCL. Non-residents carrying under subsection (e) of Section 40 of the Act must present evidence of qualification.

Prohibited Areas

All state buildings are prohibited areas and must be posted as such.

Revocation (430 ILCS 66/70(g))

If a CCL is revoked (which occurs upon revocation of the FOID Card), the licensee must within 48 hours of receiving notification:

1. Surrender the CCL to the local law enforcement agency where the licensee resides
2. If the CCL has been lost, surrendered, or otherwise destroyed, complete a CCL Lost/Destroyed/Stolen Affidavit

Law Enforcement Objection Period

Law enforcement agencies may file objections against concealed carry applicants during a 30-day objection period through the ISP Law Enforcement Portal.

ISP Database (430 ILCS 66/10(i)-(k))

• The ISP maintains a database of license applicants and licensees
• The database is available to all federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies, State's Attorneys, the Attorney General, and authorized court personnel
• Within 10 days of receipt of a completed application, the ISP enters relevant applicant information into the law enforcement-accessible database
• The ISP continuously monitors relevant state and federal databases for firearms prohibitors and correlates those records with CCL holders

Medical Marijuana and CCL

Possessing a Medical Marijuana License, being a caregiver under the Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Pilot Program Act, or otherwise using cannabis consistent with Illinois law will not result in FOID card or CCL revocation or application denial under state law. However, under federal law (Gun Control Act of 1968, specifically 18 U.S.C. §922), restrictions prohibit acquiring or possessing firearms and firearms ammunition. These federal restrictions remain in effect until the revocation or relinquishment of the medical cannabis card or until one year after last cannabis use, whichever is later.

Concealed Carry Firearms Instructor Requirements (430 ILCS 66/80)

A person seeking to become a certified Illinois Concealed Carry Firearms Instructor shall:

• Be at least 21 years of age
• Be a legal resident of the United States and qualified for a CCL in Illinois
• Possess a high school diploma or GED certificate
• Have at least one of the following valid firearms instructor certifications:
  • Certification from a law enforcement agency
  • Certification from a firearm instructor course offered by a state or federal governmental agency
  • Certification from a firearm instructor course offered by the Illinois Law Enforcement Training Standards Board
  • Certification from an entity approved by the Illinois State Police that offers firearm instructor education and training

Out-of-state residents may become Concealed Carry Firearms Instructors in Illinois.

Key Statutory References

• 430 ILCS 66 - Firearm Concealed Carry Act
• 430 ILCS 66/10 - Issuance of licenses to carry a concealed firearm
• 430 ILCS 66/20 - Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board
• 430 ILCS 66/25 - Applicant qualifications
• 430 ILCS 66/30 - Application documentation
• 430 ILCS 66/40 - Non-resident provisions
• 430 ILCS 66/70(g) - Revocation procedures
• 430 ILCS 66/80 - Firearms instructor qualifications
• 430 ILCS 65 - Firearm Owners Identification Card Act (FOID Act)
• Public Act 98-63 - Enacted the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (effective July 9, 2013)
• P.A. 102-237, P.A. 102-538, P.A. 102-813 - Amendments to Section 10

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Federal context

N.Y. State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen (2022). Bruen, 597 U.S. 1 (2022), eliminated "proper cause" / "good cause" discretionary CCW frameworks and required states to apply objective issuance criteria. The decision converted formerly may-issue states to shall-issue. States that were already shall-issue or permitless before Bruen experience the case primarily through its broader historical-tradition test for evaluating subsequent Second Amendment claims.

Open Carry Laws in Illinois

Illinois does not allow open carry of firearms. This prohibition applies even to holders of a Concealed Carry License (CCL).

Key Points

• Open carry is prohibited. Illinois does not permit the open carry of firearms.
• CCL holders may not open carry. According to the Illinois State Police (ISP), persons with a Concealed Carry License (CCL) are not allowed to open carry. A handgun carried under the Firearm Concealed Carry Act must be completely or mostly concealed from view of the public.

Legal Basis

• The Firearm Concealed Carry Act requires that any handgun carried under the Act be completely or mostly concealed from public view.
• Based on the ISP FAQ, there is no provision for lawful open carry of handguns in public.

Source

• Illinois State Police, FOID Frequently Asked Questions: "No. You can only carry a handgun as defined in the Firearm Concealed Carry Act if it is completely or mostly concealed from view of the public." (ISP FOID FAQ)

Note: Individuals should be aware that carrying a firearm openly in Illinois is not authorized under the Firearm Concealed Carry Act. Always ensure any firearm is carried in full compliance with the Firearm Concealed Carry Act and all applicable state and local laws.

Constitutional Carry in Illinois

Illinois does NOT have constitutional carry.

Illinois is not listed among the states that allow permitless carry. Illinois requires a license to legally carry a concealed firearm.

Key Requirements

The following information reflects generally known Illinois firearms law. Applicants should verify current requirements directly with the Illinois State Police, as fees, training hours, and other details may change.

• FOID Card Required: Unless specifically exempted by statute, any Illinois resident who acquires or possesses firearms, firearm ammunition, tasers, or stun guns within the state must have a valid FOID Card (430 ILCS 65 - Firearm Owners Identification Card Act).

• CCL Required for Concealed Carry: Anyone who wants to carry a concealed firearm on his or her person in Illinois is required to have an Illinois Concealed Carry License, pursuant to the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66).

• No Open Carry: Illinois does not permit open carry of firearms.

CCL Requirements Summary

To obtain a Concealed Carry License in Illinois, an applicant must:

• Be at least 21 years of age
• Have a currently valid FOID card (if an Illinois resident)
• Not be prohibited under federal law from possessing or receiving a firearm
• Not have disqualifying criminal convictions or pending proceedings
• Not have been in residential or court-ordered treatment for alcoholism or drug treatment within the last five years
• Complete mandatory firearms training (classroom and range instruction)
• Pay the applicable non-refundable fee

Note: Verify current fee amounts, training hour requirements, and other details with the Illinois State Police, as these may be subject to change.

FOID Card Requirements

• The FOID Card is a prerequisite for the CCL
• Verify current FOID Card application fees and validity periods with the Illinois State Police
• If a FOID card expires, the holder can no longer purchase or possess firearms in Illinois

Statutory References

• Firearm Owners Identification Card Act: 430 ILCS 65
• Firearm Concealed Carry Act: 430 ILCS 66

Summary

Illinois maintains a restrictive concealed carry framework. There is no constitutional carry, permitless carry, or unrestricted carry provision. Both a FOID Card (for possession) and a CCL (for concealed carry) are mandatory, with training requirements, background checks, and fees required for each.

Illinois Concealed Carry Prohibited Locations

Statutory Authority: 430 ILCS 66/65

A concealed carry licensee (CCL) under the Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act shall not knowingly carry a firearm on or into the following locations:

Prohibited Areas (Section 65(a))

1. Schools (K-12) - Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of a public or private elementary or secondary school.

2. Pre-schools and Child Care Facilities - Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of a pre-school or child care facility, including any room or portion of a building under the control of a pre-school or child care facility. Exception: The operator of a child care facility in a family home may own or possess a firearm in the home or hold a license, if no child under child care is present or the firearm is stored in a locked container when a child under care is present.

3. Executive or Legislative Branch Government Buildings - Any building, parking area, or portion of a building under the control of an officer of the executive or legislative branch of government. Exception: A licensee may carry a concealed firearm onto real property, bikeway, or trail in a park regulated by the Department of Natural Resources or any other designated public hunting area or building where firearm possession is permitted as established by the Department of Natural Resources under Section 1.8 of the Wildlife Code.

4. Court Buildings - Any building designated for matters before a circuit court, appellate court, or the Supreme Court, or any building or portion of a building under the control of the Supreme Court.

5. Local Government Buildings - Any building or portion of a building under the control of a unit of local government.

6. Detention and Correctional Facilities - Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of an adult or juvenile detention or correctional institution, prison, or jail.

7. Hospitals, Mental Health Facilities, and Nursing Homes - Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of a public or private hospital or hospital affiliate, mental health facility, or nursing home.

8. Public Transportation - Any bus, train, or form of transportation paid for in whole or in part with public funds, and any building, real property, and parking area under the control of a public transportation facility paid for in whole or in part with public funds.

9. Bars/Establishments Deriving >50% Revenue from Alcohol - Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of an establishment that serves alcohol on its premises, if more than 50% of the establishment's gross receipts within the prior 3 months is from the sale of alcohol. The owner who knowingly fails to prohibit concealed firearms or makes a false statement to avoid this prohibition is subject to penalty under subsection (c-5) of Section 10-1 of the Liquor Control Act of 1934.

10. Permitted Public Gatherings/Special Events - Any public gathering or special event conducted on property open to the public that requires the issuance of a permit from the unit of local government. Exception: This does not apply to a licensee who must walk through a public gathering to access his or her residence, place of business, or vehicle.

11. Special Event Retailer/Special Use Permit Liquor Locations - Any building or real property that has been issued a Special Event Retailer's license (as defined in Section 1-3.17.1 of the Liquor Control Act) during the time designated for the sale of alcohol, or a Special use permit license (as defined in subsection (q) of Section 5-1 of the Liquor Control Act) during the time designated for the sale of alcohol.

12. Public Playgrounds - Any public playground.

13. Public Parks and Athletic Facilities - Any public park, athletic area, or athletic facility under the control of a municipality or park district. Exception: A licensee may carry a concealed firearm while on a trail or bikeway if only a portion of the trail or bikeway includes a public park.

14. Cook County Forest Preserve District - Any real property under the control of the Cook County Forest Preserve District.

15. Colleges and Universities - Any building, classroom, laboratory, medical clinic, hospital, artistic venue, athletic venue, entertainment venue, officially recognized university-related organization property (whether owned or leased), and any real property, including parking areas, sidewalks, and common areas under the control of a public or private community college, college, or university.

16. Gaming Facilities - Any building, real property, or parking area under the control of a gaming facility licensed under the Illinois Gambling Act or the Illinois Horse Racing Act of 1975, including an inter-track wagering location licensee.

17. Stadiums and Arenas - Any stadium, arena, or the real property or parking area under the control of a stadium, arena, or any collegiate or professional sporting event.

18. Public Libraries - Any building, real property, or parking area under the control of a public library.

19. Airports - Any building, real property, or parking area under the control of an airport.

20. Amusement Parks - Any building, real property, or parking area under the control of an amusement park.

21. Zoos and Museums - Any building, real property, or parking area under the control of a zoo or museum.

22. Nuclear Facilities - Any street, driveway, parking area, property, building, or facility, owned, leased, controlled, or used by a nuclear energy, storage, weapons, or development site or facility regulated by the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The licensee shall not under any circumstance store a firearm or ammunition in his or her vehicle or in a compartment or container within a vehicle located anywhere in or on the property described in this paragraph.

23. Federal Law Prohibited Areas - Any area where firearms are prohibited under federal law.

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Places of Worship

Per Illinois State Police FAQ guidance:

• A CCL holder may not carry a concealed firearm at a place of worship if there is a pre-school, after school program, or faith-based school on the premises, regardless of whether religious leaders authorize it.
• If there is no pre-school, after school program, or faith-based school on the premises, a CCL holder may carry at a place of worship where transient child care is provided temporarily while parents/custodians are on the premises and readily available, unless the place of worship has posted that concealed firearms are prohibited.

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Private Property Prohibition (Section 65(a-10))

The owner of private real property of any type may prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms on the property under his or her control. The owner must post a sign in accordance with subsection (d) of Section 65 indicating that firearms are prohibited, unless the property is a private residence (where posting is not required to enforce the prohibition).

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Parking Lot Exception (Section 65(b))

Applies to all prohibited locations listed above EXCEPT paragraphs (22) (Nuclear Facilities) and (23) (Federal Law Prohibited Areas).

A licensee prohibited from carrying into a prohibited location:

• May carry a concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle into the parking area.
• May store a firearm or ammunition concealed in a case within a locked vehicle or locked container out of plain view within the vehicle in the parking area.
• May carry a concealed firearm in the immediate area surrounding his or her vehicle within a prohibited parking lot area only for the limited purpose of storing or retrieving a firearm within the vehicle's trunk.

For purposes of this provision, "case" includes:

• A glove compartment or console that completely encloses the concealed firearm or ammunition
• The trunk of the vehicle
• A firearm carrying box, shipping box, or other container

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Public Right of Way Exception (Section 65(c))

A licensee shall not be in violation while traveling along a public right of way that touches or crosses any prohibited premises, if the concealed firearm is carried on his or her person in accordance with the Act or is being transported in a vehicle in accordance with all other applicable provisions of law.

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Signage Requirements (Section 65(d))

• Signs stating that carrying of firearms is prohibited shall be clearly and conspicuously posted at the entrance of a building, premises, or real property specified as a prohibited area, unless the building or premises is a private residence.
• Signs shall be of a uniform design as established by the Illinois State Police.
• Signs shall be 4 inches by 6 inches in size.
• The Illinois State Police shall adopt rules for standardized signs.

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College/University Additional Authority (Section 65(a-5))

Public or private community colleges, colleges, or universities may also:

1. Prohibit persons from carrying a firearm within a vehicle owned, leased, or controlled by the institution.
2. Develop resolutions, regulations, or policies regarding student, employee, or visitor misconduct and discipline, including suspension and expulsion.
3. Develop policies regarding storage or maintenance of firearms, which must include designated areas where persons can park vehicles that carry firearms.
4. Permit carrying or use of firearms for instruction and curriculum of officially recognized programs (e.g., military science, law enforcement training), or in designated areas for hunting or target shooting.

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Source: P.A. 101-31, eff. 6-28-19; 102-538, eff. 8-20-21.

Carrying Firearms in Vehicles in Illinois

CCL Holders: Carrying in Vehicles

Under the Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66/10(c)), a valid Concealed Carry License (CCL) permits the licensee to:

• Carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully concealed or partially concealed, on or about his or her person (430 ILCS 66/10(c)(1))
• Keep or carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle (430 ILCS 66/10(c)(2))

Parking Lot Exception for Prohibited Areas

Under 430 ILCS 66/65(b), even when a CCL holder is prohibited from carrying a concealed firearm into the parking area of a prohibited location specified in subsection (a), (a-5), or (a-10), the following vehicle-related provisions apply:

• A licensee shall be permitted to carry a concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle into the parking area of a prohibited location.
• A licensee may store a firearm or ammunition concealed in a case within a locked vehicle or locked container out of plain view within the vehicle in the parking area.
• A licensee may carry a concealed firearm in the immediate area surrounding his or her vehicle within a prohibited parking lot area only for the limited purpose of storing or retrieving a firearm within the vehicle's trunk.
• For purposes of this provision, "case" includes:
  • A glove compartment or console that completely encloses the concealed firearm or ammunition
  • The trunk of the vehicle
  • A firearm carrying box, shipping box, or other container

Important Exception: The parking lot exception does NOT apply to:

• Any area where firearms are prohibited under federal law (430 ILCS 66/65(a)(23))
• Property owned, leased, controlled, or used by a nuclear energy, storage, weapons, or development site or facility regulated by the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission (430 ILCS 66/65(a)(22)) - a licensee shall not under any circumstance store a firearm or ammunition in his or her vehicle or in a compartment or container within a vehicle located anywhere on such property.

Traveling Through Prohibited Areas

Under 430 ILCS 66/65(c), a licensee shall not be in violation of the prohibited areas section while traveling along a public right of way that touches or crosses any prohibited premises, provided:

• The concealed firearm is carried on his or her person in accordance with the Concealed Carry Act, or
• The firearm is being transported in a vehicle in accordance with all other applicable provisions of law.

Duty to Disclose During Traffic Stops

Under 430 ILCS 66/10(h):

• If a law enforcement officer initiates an investigative stop, including a traffic stop, of a CCL licensee or a qualified non-resident carrying under subsection (e) of Section 40:
  • Upon the request of the officer, the licensee or non-resident shall disclose that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm, or present the license upon request.
  • Upon the request of the officer, the licensee or non-resident shall identify the location of the concealed firearm and permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the investigative stop.
  • During a traffic stop, any passenger within the vehicle who is a licensee or qualified non-resident must also comply with these disclosure requirements.

Contact with Law Enforcement or Emergency Services

Under 430 ILCS 66/10(h-1):

• If a licensee carrying a firearm or a qualified non-resident carrying in a vehicle is contacted by law enforcement or emergency services personnel, the officer or personnel may secure the firearm or direct that it be secured during the contact if deemed necessary for safety.
• The licensee or non-resident shall submit to the order to secure the firearm.
• The firearm shall be returned before releasing the person from the scene, provided the person is not a threat and is physically and mentally capable of possessing the firearm.
• If the person is transported for treatment, the firearm shall be turned over to a peace officer who shall provide a receipt including the make, model, caliber, and serial number.

Non-CCL Holders: Transporting Firearms in Vehicles

Under 430 ILCS 66/10(g)(3), a person does not need to possess a CCL when the handgun is:

• Broken down in a non-functioning state,
• Not immediately accessible, or
• Unloaded and enclosed in a case.

Additionally, Illinois law (via FOID Act exemptions) provides that nonresidents whose firearms are unloaded and enclosed in a case are exempt from the FOID card requirement.

Prohibited Public Transportation

Under 430 ILCS 66/65(a)(8), CCL holders are prohibited from carrying concealed firearms on:

• Any bus, train, or form of transportation paid for in whole or in part with public funds
• Any building, real property, and parking area under the control of a public transportation facility paid for in whole or in part with public funds

Illinois Concealed Carry License - Reciprocity

Overview

Illinois has one of the most restrictive reciprocity frameworks in the United States. Illinois does not recognize concealed carry licenses from any other state. Out-of-state permit holders cannot carry concealed firearms in Illinois based solely on their home state's license.

However, Illinois law provides a limited mechanism for non-residents to carry concealed firearms and for non-residents from certain states to obtain an Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL).

Non-Resident Carrying Under Illinois Law

Under 430 ILCS 66/40(e), non-residents may carry a concealed firearm within Illinois under specific conditions. Section 10(h) of the Firearm Concealed Carry Act references "a non-resident carrying a concealed firearm under subsection (e) of Section 40 of this Act," indicating that qualifying non-residents have a legal pathway to carry in Illinois without an Illinois CCL.

During an investigative stop (including traffic stops), a non-resident carrying under subsection (e) of Section 40 must:

• Disclose to the officer that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm
• Present evidence that he or she is a non-resident qualified to carry under that subsection
• Identify the location of the concealed firearm upon request
• Permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the stop

Non-Resident Illinois CCL

Non-residents may apply for an Illinois Concealed Carry License, but eligibility is limited. Under the Firearm Concealed Carry Act, only residents of states or territories with laws related to firearm ownership, possession, and carrying that are "substantially similar" to Illinois requirements are eligible to apply for a non-resident Illinois CCL.

The Illinois State Police (ISP) conducted a survey of each state to determine substantial similarity. As of the most recent ISP determination, the only states considered substantially similar are:

1. Arkansas
2. Idaho
3. Mississippi
4. Nevada
5. Texas
6. Virginia

Residents of these six states may apply for a non-resident Illinois CCL through the Illinois State Police. The substantially similar survey is available through the ISP Firearms Services Bureau.

Illinois CCL Recognition in Other States

According to the Illinois State Police FAQ:

"This will be determined by the laws of the 49 other states. Illinois Concealed Carry License holders who want to conceal and carry in other states are responsible for researching the state laws to where they are traveling."

Illinois does not have reciprocity agreements with other states. Whether other states recognize the Illinois CCL is governed entirely by those states' own laws. According to the Pennsylvania Attorney General's reciprocity summary (updated September 2021), Illinois is listed among states where Pennsylvania residents cannot carry a concealed firearm with only a Pennsylvania license - confirming that Illinois does not recognize out-of-state permits.

The Pennsylvania Attorney General's document lists Illinois among states where Pennsylvania residents may apply for a separate concealed carry license. Separately, the ISP FAQ confirms that non-resident CCL eligibility is limited to residents of states with substantially similar laws. Note that Pennsylvania is not currently listed among the six substantially similar states identified by the Illinois State Police.

Key Statutory References

Important Notes for Travelers

• Illinois does not honor any other state's concealed carry license or permit. Visitors from other states cannot rely on their home state permit to carry concealed in Illinois.
• Non-residents from substantially similar states who obtain an Illinois CCL must comply with all Illinois concealed carry laws, including prohibited locations and disclosure requirements.
• Out-of-state residents who move away from Illinois should surrender their CCL by mailing it to the Firearms Services Bureau at 801 S. 7th Street, Suite 400M, Springfield, Illinois, 62703.
• If moving to a substantially similar state and wishing to retain an Illinois CCL, the licensee must contact the Firearms Services Bureau at isp.ccw.illinois@illinois.gov to have their FOID canceled and apply for a CCL change of address, submitting their new state's CCL, a copy of their new state ID, and a notarized Out of State affidavit.
• Out-of-state residents can become Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Instructors under 430 ILCS 66/80.
• An Illinois CCL is valid for 5 years from the date of issuance and is valid throughout the state (430 ILCS 66/10(c)).

Use of Force Laws in Illinois

Use of Force in Defense of Person

Under 720 ILCS 5/7-1(a), a person is justified in the use of force against another when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to defend himself or herself or another against such other's imminent use of unlawful force.

A person is justified in the use of deadly force only if he or she reasonably believes that such force is necessary to:

• Prevent imminent death or great bodily harm to himself/herself or another, or
• Prevent the commission of a forcible felony

Self-Defense Elements

Under Illinois law, self-defense is an affirmative defense. Once raised by the defendant, the State bears the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did not act in self-defense, in addition to proving the elements of the offense charged (720 ILCS 5/7-14).

To establish a claim of self-defense, the defendant must present evidence as to each of the following six elements:

1. That unlawful force was threatened against him or her
2. That he or she was not the aggressor
3. That the danger of harm was imminent
4. That the use of force was necessary
5. That he or she actually and subjectively believed a danger existed that required the use of the amount of force applied
6. That his or her beliefs in that regard were objectively reasonable

If the State negates any one of these elements, the defendant's claim of self-defense must be rejected. (People v. Lee, 213 Ill. 2d 218, 225 (2004))

Reasonableness Standard

The key question in self-defense cases is whether the defendant's belief that it was necessary to use deadly force was reasonable under the circumstances (People v. Montes, 263 Ill. App. 3d 680, 690 (1994)).

A person who is thrust into a life-endangering situation is not required to use infallible judgment in deciding whether and how to act to defend himself or herself. Such a requirement would be unreasonable to impose upon a decision that must be made very quickly by a person who is fearful and under great stress. (People v. White, 87 Ill. App. 3d 321, 323 (1980))

It is not necessary that the danger be actually real - only that the facts and circumstances of the case induced a reasonable belief in the defendant that the threatened danger existed. (People v. Motuzas, 352 Ill. 340, 347 (1933))

Use of Force in Defense of Dwelling (Castle Doctrine)

Under 720 ILCS 5/7-2, a person is justified in the use of force when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to prevent or terminate another's unlawful entry into or attack upon a dwelling.

A person is justified in the use of deadly force in defense of a dwelling only if:

• The entry is made or attempted in a violent, riotous, or tumultuous manner, and he or she reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent an assault upon, or offer of personal violence to, himself/herself or another then in the dwelling, OR
• He or she reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent the commission of a felony in the dwelling

Illinois is a Castle Doctrine state. There is no legal duty to retreat if threatened in one's home, and using deadly force may be justified under the circumstances described above.

No Stand Your Ground Law

Illinois does not have a statutory Stand-Your-Ground provision. However, the Illinois Supreme Court has long held that a non-aggressor lawfully in a public place has NO duty to retreat before using force in self-defense - see People v. McGraw, 13 Ill. 2d 249, 256 (1958); People v. Estes, 127 Ill. App. 3d 642 (1984); and Illinois Pattern Jury Instruction, Criminal, No. 24-25.09X. The duty-to-retreat rule applies only in the limited circumstance of an initial aggressor seeking to regain the right of self-defense under 720 ILCS 5/7-4(c). Earlier framings of this section asserting a duty-to-retreat-in-public overstated the rule.

Use of Force in Defense of Other Property

Under 720 ILCS 5/7-3, a person is justified in the use of force when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to prevent or terminate another's trespass on or other tortious or criminal interference with either real property (other than a dwelling) or personal property, lawfully in one's possession or in the possession of another who is a member of his or her immediate family or household or of a person whose property one has a legal duty to protect.

A person is justified in the use of deadly force in defense of other property only if he or she reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent the commission of a forcible felony.

Liability Protection

In no case shall any act involving the justified use of force give rise to any claim or liability, unless the use of force involves willful or wanton misconduct.

Weapons Considered Legal for Self-Defense in Illinois

• Pepper spray
• Stun guns or tasers (if you possess a valid FOID card)
• Common household items (only if no other weapon is available)
• Firearms (if you meet the legal criteria and have a valid FOID card)

SAFE-T Act Reforms Related to Use of Force

The Illinois Safety, Accountability, Fairness and Equity-Today (SAFE-T) Act includes several reforms related to use of force by law enforcement:

• Mandated body-worn cameras for all police officers
• Limits on military equipment
• Crisis intervention and de-escalation training
• Restrictions on use of force, including the prohibition of chokeholds and other types of neck restraints unless deadly force is authorized

Key Statutory References

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Federal context

N.Y. State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen (2022) and United States v. Rahimi (2024). Bruen, 597 U.S. 1 (2022), established the historical-tradition test for Second Amendment claims. Rahimi, 602 U.S. ___ (2024), then applied Bruen to uphold the federal domestic-violence-restraining-order firearm prohibition at 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8), confirming that not every firearm disability fails Bruen's test. Practitioners advising on use of force or firearm-disability questions should be familiar with both cases.

Castle Doctrine & Stand Your Ground Laws in Illinois

No Stand Your Ground Law

Illinois does not have a statutory Stand-Your-Ground law. However, the Illinois Supreme Court has long held that a non-aggressor lawfully in a public place has NO duty to retreat before using force in self-defense - see People v. McGraw, 13 Ill. 2d 249, 256 (1958); People v. Estes, 127 Ill. App. 3d 642 (1984); and Illinois Pattern Jury Instruction, Criminal, No. 24-25.09X. The duty-to-retreat principle applies in Illinois only to an initial aggressor attempting to regain the right of self-defense (720 ILCS 5/7-4(c)). Earlier framings of Illinois as a "duty-to-retreat-in-public state" overstated the rule.

Castle Doctrine

Illinois recognizes the Castle Doctrine under 720 ILCS 5/7-2 (Use of Force in Defense of Dwelling). Under this doctrine:

• No duty to retreat exists when a person is threatened in their own home.
• A person may use force against another when they reasonably believe such force is necessary to prevent or terminate an unlawful entry into or attack upon a dwelling.
• The Castle Doctrine in Illinois applies only to dwellings - it does not extend to your vehicle or workplace.

When Deadly Force Is Justified in the Home

Under 720 ILCS 5/7-2(a), deadly force in defense of a dwelling is justified only under two specific circumstances:

1. Violent Entry: The entry is made or attempted in a "violent, riotous, or tumultuous manner" and the occupant reasonably believes force is necessary to prevent an assault upon or offer of personal violence to any person in the dwelling.
2. Felony Prevention: The occupant reasonably believes deadly force is necessary to prevent the commission of a felony inside the dwelling.

If an intruder enters peacefully or without violence (e.g., an unlocked door), deadly force may not be justified unless they are committing or about to commit a felony. The response must always be proportional to the threat - excessive force beyond what is necessary to neutralize the threat is not permitted.

Use of Force in Defense of Person (720 ILCS 5/7-1)

Outside the home, the general self-defense statute governs. Under 720 ILCS 5/7-1(a):

• A person is justified in using force when they reasonably believe it is necessary to defend themselves or another against the imminent use of unlawful force.
• Deadly force is justified only when reasonably necessary to prevent:
  • Imminent death or great bodily harm to oneself or another, or
  • The commission of a forcible felony
• In public spaces, you must retreat if safely possible before resorting to force.

Use of Force in Defense of Other Property (720 ILCS 5/7-3)

Under 720 ILCS 5/7-3(a), a person may use force to prevent or terminate another's trespass on or criminal interference with:

• Real property (other than a dwelling - e.g., land, outbuildings)
• Personal property (e.g., vehicles, equipment)

Deadly force in defense of property (other than a dwelling) is justified only when reasonably necessary to prevent a forcible felony. You cannot use deadly force solely to protect property.

Defense of Others

Under the Castle Doctrine and general self-defense law, you may use force to defend another person only if you reasonably believe that person is in imminent danger of death, great bodily harm, or the commission of a forcible felony against them. The same proportionality standards apply - your use of force must match the severity of the threat to the other person.

When Self-Defense Is NOT Available (720 ILCS 5/7-4)

The justification of self-defense is not available to a person who:

1. Is committing a forcible felony - Anyone attempting, committing, or escaping after committing a forcible felony cannot claim self-defense (720 ILCS 5/7-4(a)).
2. Provokes force with intent to harm - A person who deliberately provokes another's use of force as a pretext to inflict bodily harm cannot claim self-defense (720 ILCS 5/7-4(b)).
3. Otherwise initiates force - A person who initially provokes force may regain the right to self-defense only if (720 ILCS 5/7-4(c)):
   • The opposing force escalates to a point where they reasonably fear imminent death or great bodily harm and they have exhausted every reasonable means of escape, or
   • They withdraw from physical contact in good faith and clearly indicate their desire to stop, but the other person continues or resumes the use of force.

Self-Defense as an Affirmative Defense

In Illinois, self-defense is an affirmative defense. This means:

• The defendant bears the burden of raising the defense at trial.
• The threat must be imminent - not a past or future threat.
• There must be a reasonable belief that force is necessary to prevent imminent harm. Note: per the Illinois Supreme Court's McGraw line of cases, a non-aggressor in a place they have a legal right to be has no duty to retreat before using force in self-defense.
• The threat must be unlawful - you cannot claim self-defense against a law enforcement officer who is lawfully performing their duties.
• The force used must be proportional to the threat faced.

Civil Liability Protections

Illinois law provides civil immunity for justified use of force. Under 720 ILCS 5/7-1(b), 720 ILCS 5/7-2(b), and 720 ILCS 5/7-3(b) (added by P.A. 93-832, effective July 28, 2004):

• A person who uses justified force cannot be sued by the aggressor or their representatives.
• This protection does not apply if the defender's actions constitute willful or wanton misconduct.
• This protection does not extend to persons who meet the definition of "aggressor" under 720 ILCS 5/7-4.

Key Statute References

Important Considerations for Concealed Carry Permit Holders

• In public spaces, a non-aggressor lawfully in a public place has NO duty to retreat before using force in self-defense (per the McGraw line of Illinois Supreme Court cases). Earlier framings asserting a duty-to-retreat-in-public were inaccurate.
• In your home, there is no duty to retreat, AND deadly force is presumed justified against violent/tumultuous unlawful entry or a felony being committed (the codified Castle Doctrine in 720 ILCS 5/7-2).
• The codified Castle Doctrine does not statutorily extend to your vehicle or workplace - the rules in those locations rely on the general 720 ILCS 5/7-1 self-defense framework (which, per McGraw, does not impose a duty to retreat on a non-aggressor lawfully present).
• Carrying in prohibited areas (listed in 430 ILCS 66/65 - schools, government buildings, courts, etc.) does not automatically eliminate self-defense rights, but you would face separate criminal charges for the firearms violation in addition to any self-defense claim.
• The proportionality requirement means your level of force must match the severity of the threat - shooting at an unarmed trespasser who poses no physical threat will likely not be considered justified.
• Illinois provides civil immunity for justified self-defense, but only if the force used was lawful and not willful or wanton misconduct.
• Self-defense is an affirmative defense - you must assert and prove it at trial. Document everything and contact law enforcement immediately after any defensive use of force.

Duty to Inform in Illinois

Overview

Illinois has a duty to inform upon request - not a proactive duty. Concealed carry licensees and qualifying non-residents are required to disclose that they are carrying a concealed firearm only when asked by a law enforcement officer during an investigative stop.

Statutory Basis

430 ILCS 66/10(h) governs the duty to inform:

If an officer of a law enforcement agency initiates an investigative stop, including, but not limited to, a traffic stop, of a licensee or a non-resident carrying a concealed firearm under subsection (e) of Section 40 of this Act, upon the request of the officer the licensee or non-resident shall disclose to the officer that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm under this Act, or present the license upon the request of the officer.

Key Requirements

1. Disclosure Upon Request: When a law enforcement officer initiates an investigative stop (including traffic stops) and requests disclosure, the licensee or non-resident must:

   • Disclose that they are in possession of a concealed firearm, OR
   • Present their concealed carry license (for licensees), OR
   • Present qualifying documentation (for non-residents carrying under 430 ILCS 66/40(e))

2. Identification of Firearm Location: Upon the officer's request, the licensee or non-resident must identify the location of the concealed firearm.

3. Permit Securing of Firearm: Upon the officer's request, the licensee or non-resident must permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the investigative stop.

4. Passengers Must Also Comply: During a traffic stop, any passenger within the vehicle who is a licensee or a non-resident carrying under subsection (e) of Section 40 must also comply with these same requirements.

Contact with Law Enforcement or Emergency Services (430 ILCS 66/10(h-1))

If a licensee or qualifying non-resident carrying a firearm is contacted by a law enforcement officer or emergency services personnel:

• The officer or emergency personnel may secure the firearm or direct that it be secured during the contact if they determine it is necessary for the safety of any person present.
• The licensee or non-resident shall submit to the order to secure the firearm.
• The firearm must be returned before releasing the person from the scene, provided:
  • The person is determined not to be a threat to safety, and
  • The person is physically and mentally capable of possessing the firearm.
• If the person is transported for treatment, the firearm shall be turned over to a peace officer, who must provide a receipt including the make, model, caliber, and serial number of the firearm.

License Possession Requirement (430 ILCS 66/10(g))

A licensee must possess their license at all times while carrying a concealed firearm, with limited exceptions:

• Carrying on their own land, in their abode, legal dwelling, or fixed place of business, or on the land or in the legal dwelling of another person as an invitee with that person's permission
• When authorized under Section 24-2 of the Criminal Code of 2012, except subsection (a-5) of that Section
• When the handgun is broken down in a non-functioning state, not immediately accessible, or unloaded and enclosed in a case

Important Notes

• Illinois does not require proactive (unprompted) disclosure of concealed carry status to law enforcement. The duty arises only upon the officer's request.
• The duty applies during investigative stops, which explicitly includes but is not limited to traffic stops.
• Both licensees and qualifying non-residents are subject to the same duty to inform requirements.

(Source: 430 ILCS 66/10, as amended by P.A. 102-237, eff. 1-1-22; 102-538, eff. 8-20-21; 102-813, eff. 5-13-22.)

Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL) Training Requirements

Overview

Illinois requires all concealed carry license applicants to successfully complete 16 hours of firearms training, including both classroom and range instruction. This requirement is established under the Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66).

Required Training Curriculum

The 16-hour training course must, at minimum, cover the following topics:

Classroom Instruction

1. Firearms Safety - minimum of 1 hour
2. Basic Principles of Marksmanship - minimum of 1 hour
3. Care, Cleaning, Loading and Unloading of a Concealable Firearm - minimum of 1 hour
4. All Applicable State and Federal Laws Relating to the Ownership, Storage, Carry and Transportation of a Firearm - minimum of 2 hours
   • Includes but is not limited to the appropriate and lawful interaction with law enforcement while transporting or carrying a concealed firearm

Range Instruction

1. Weapons Handling - minimum of 1 range hour

Live-Fire Exercise Requirements

All applicants must pass a live-fire exercise with a concealable firearm consisting of:

• Minimum of 30 rounds total
  • 10 rounds from a distance of 5 yards
  • 10 rounds from a distance of 7 yards
  • 10 rounds from a distance of 10 yards
• Fired at a B-27 silhouette target approved by the Illinois State Police (ISP)
• "Hit the Target" / "Scoring Area" means a round that has impacted within the black portion of the silhouette on a B-27 target. Any round that breaks the line between the black portion of the silhouette and the non-scoring area is considered a "hit."

Prior Training Credit (Up to 8 Hours)

Certain individuals may receive credit for up to 8 hours of the 16-hour training requirement:

Military Personnel & Veterans

• Active, retired, and honorably discharged members of the United States Armed Forces are considered to have completed 8 hours of the 16-hour training requirement.
• Required documentation:
  • Active military: Documentation identifying the holder as an active member (e.g., CAC or DD Form 2 ID cards in green, blue, or red)
  • Veterans: Copy of DD-214 or NGB 22

Prior Approved Training from Other States

• Applicants who have completed a training course approved by the ISP and recognized under the laws of another state may receive up to 8 hours of credit toward the 16-hour requirement.
• Two different four-hour classes from the ISP's list of approved curricula may be combined for up to 8 hours of prior training credit.

Hunter Safety Course Credit

• The Illinois Department of Natural Resources' hunter safety classes qualify as approved training, with instructors able to apply 4 hours of credit.

Remaining Requirements After Credit

Applicants receiving prior training credit must still complete the remaining hours, which must at least cover:

• Applicable State and Federal Laws relating to ownership, storage, carry, and transportation of a firearm
• Weapons Handling as defined in the statute and administrative rules
• The instructor must verify aggregate hours and provide additional training to equal 16 hours total
• Applicants must meet the minimums set out in the 16-hour curriculum

Instructor Requirements

All training must be conducted by an ISP-certified Concealed Carry Firearms Instructor. Instructor qualifications include:

• At least 21 years of age
• Legal resident of the United States and qualified for a CCL in Illinois
• Possess a high school diploma or GED certificate
• Hold at least one valid firearms instructor certification from:
  • A law enforcement agency
  • A firearm instructor course offered by a state or federal governmental agency
  • A firearm instructor course offered by the Illinois Law Enforcement Training Standards Board
  • An entity approved by the Illinois State Police that offers firearm instructor education and training

Important Training Rules

• Single class requirement: Outside of prior training credits, all hours must be completed during a single class. Applicants cannot split hours between different instructors/classes.
• Multiple instructors in one class: If multiple instructors teach during a single class, all instructors must sign the training certificate and provide their Instructor ID.
• Equipment: Applicants do not necessarily need to own their own firearm or equipment; requirements are set by the approved instructor.
• Training certificate: A completed training certificate must be submitted with the CCL application. Failure to include it will result in rejection (not denial), with 60 days to submit the missing documentation.

Penalties for False Training Certification

Pursuant to 430 ILCS 66/70(i), a certified firearms instructor who knowingly provides or offers to provide a false certification that an applicant has completed firearms training is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor. A person guilty of this violation is not eligible for court supervision, and the ISP shall permanently revoke the firearms instructor certification of a person convicted under this provision.

Statutory Exemptions

The Act provides certain exemptions from training requirements, which are set by statute and cannot be expanded upon by the ISP. Specific exemptions are defined within the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66).

Application Process for Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL)

Overview

Illinois requires a Concealed Carry License (CCL) to legally carry a concealed firearm. Illinois does not have constitutional/permitless carry - a license is mandatory. Before applying for a CCL, applicants must first possess a valid Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) Card, which is a prerequisite for legally possessing firearms or ammunition in Illinois.

The Illinois State Police (ISP) is the issuing authority for both the FOID card and the CCL, per 430 ILCS 66/10.

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Step 1: Obtain a FOID Card (Prerequisite)

Before applying for a CCL, you must have a valid FOID card. Key details for the FOID application:

• Eligibility: Illinois residents must have a FOID card to legally possess firearms or ammunition.
• Application Method: Apply online through the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website at ispfsb.com.
• Required Information: Full name, date of birth, street address of residence, Driver's License or Identification Card number, and a color photograph (recently taken, head and shoulders, no obstruction of facial features, no digital alterations).
• Age Requirement: Applicants under 21 years of age may apply but must have a parent or legal guardian as a sponsor. The parent or legal guardian must be eligible for a FOID card, must sign a notarized affidavit, and attach it to the application. The minor applicant must sign the application themselves; a parent cannot sign on their behalf. If the minor cannot sign, a copy of the applicant's birth certificate is required.
• Non-U.S. Citizens: Must provide an Alien Registration Number, I-94 Admission Number, or USCIS Number. Persons in the U.S. under a non-immigrant visa are generally not eligible for a FOID card, subject to a narrow exception.
• Active Duty Military: May apply without charge (fee waived) by providing a copy of their Military ID during the application process.
• Out-of-State Military Stationed in Illinois: May apply by providing base information, military assignment orders, U.S. Military ID, and a completed Out of State Affidavit.
• Out-of-State Residents (Law Enforcement/Armed Security): Non-residents who work in Illinois in law enforcement or armed security roles requiring a firearm may apply by submitting the ISP Out of State Affidavit, Employment Requirement Certification, and a copy of their out-of-state driver's license.
• Alternative Application Methods: Paper applications are available by calling the Firearms Services Bureau Call Center at (217) 782-7980, but are only accepted from applicants who can demonstrate they are unable to apply online or at a kiosk due to a religious exemption or a disability (with appropriate documentation from sources such as the Social Security Administration, Illinois Workers' Compensation Commission, U.S. Department of Defense, an authorized insurer, or a licensed physician/healthcare provider).
• Amish/Religious Exemption from Photo Requirement: May apply through the alternative call-in method or by visiting an FSB kiosk at an ISP Troop headquarters. These applicants must provide fingerprints using an ISP-approved fingerprint card.
• Medical Cannabis: Possession of a Medical Marijuana License will not result in FOID card revocation or application denial under Illinois law. However, federal law (18 U.S.C. §922, Gun Control Act of 1968) prohibits acquiring or possessing firearms and ammunition for medical cannabis users, and these restrictions remain in effect until revocation/relinquishment of the medical cannabis card or one year after last cannabis use, whichever is later.

Automatic FOID Renewal (Effective January 1, 2023)

Beginning January 1, 2023, upon a Firearms Transaction Inquiry Program (FTIP) approval, the ISP will automatically renew a person's FOID card if the individual has submitted a full set of fingerprints to ISP specifically for their FOID card or CCL. The FOID card will remain active for 10 years from the date of the FTIP approval, so long as the cardholder is not subject to revocation or suspension under the Firearm Owner's Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65). As of January 1, 2022, new FOID cards no longer include issuance or expiration dates.

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Step 2: Complete Required Firearms Training

Applicants must complete the required training and obtain a training certificate before applying for a CCL. Per the ISP FAQ, if a person submits a CCL application without a training certificate, the ISP will reject the application (rejection is not a denial - it means the submission is incomplete). The applicant is given 60 days to submit the missing training certificate. If the certificate is not provided within 60 days, the application will be denied, and the applicant must pay another fee and resubmit a complete application.

(Note: Specific training hour requirements and curriculum details are established under 430 ILCS 66/75 but are not addressed in the available sources for this section.)

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Step 3: Apply for the Concealed Carry License

How to Apply

• Online Application: Apply through the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website at ispfsb.com. The website is mobile-device friendly.
• Photo Requirement: Applicants must submit a photograph taken within the past 30 days. The Live Scan photo taken as part of the fingerprint process may not be used as the photo submission - a separate photo is required.

Eligibility Requirements (per 430 ILCS 66/10(a))

The ISP shall issue a CCL to an applicant who:

1. Meets the qualifications of Section 25 of the Firearm Concealed Carry Act;
2. Has provided the application and documentation required in Section 30 of the Act;
3. Has submitted the requisite fees; and
4. Does not pose a danger to himself, herself, or others, or a threat to public safety as determined by the Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board in accordance with Section 20.

• Individuals with physical disabilities are eligible to apply for and receive a CCL if they meet the qualifications - there is no exemption from the standards for people with physical disabilities.

Fingerprints (Optional but Recommended)

Submitting fingerprints is optional but significantly affects processing time:

• With electronic fingerprints: The ISP must issue or deny the application within 90 days.
• Without fingerprints: The ISP is granted an additional 30 days (total of 120 days) to complete a manual background check.

Fingerprints must be submitted through a licensed live scan fingerprint vendor approved by the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation (IDFPR). A list of licensed vendors is available on the IDFPR website. Fingerprints from non-licensed vendors will not be accepted. Local police departments may be used for fingerprinting only when they are a licensed Live Scan vendor for fee applications.

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Step 4: Law Enforcement Review Period

After a completed application is submitted, there is a 30-day objection period during which law enforcement agencies may file objections against CCL applicants through the ISP Law Enforcement Portal, per the Office of Firearms Safety procedures.

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Step 5: Processing and Decision

• Confirmation: Upon submitting the application, the applicant should receive a confirmation page. The ISP will notify the applicant electronically to confirm whether all required information and materials have been received. If the application is submitted electronically and is missing information, the ISP will notify the applicant electronically.
• Processing Timeline: Per 430 ILCS 66/10(e), no later than 90 days after receipt of a completed application (or 120 days without fingerprints), the ISP shall issue or deny the license.
• Database Entry: No later than 10 days after receipt of a completed application, the ISP enters the applicant's relevant information into a database accessible by law enforcement agencies, per 430 ILCS 66/10(j).
• Decision Notification: Once the ISP makes a decision, the applicant will be notified by letter via U.S. Mail.

If the Application Is Rejected (Incomplete)

Rejection means the submission is incomplete and needs correction or additional documentation. The applicant is given 60 days to submit the missing information. If the missing information is not provided within 60 days, the application will be denied.

If the Application Is Denied

Per 430 ILCS 66/10(f), the ISP must notify the applicant stating the grounds for the denial. The notice must inform the applicant of his or her right to an appeal through administrative and judicial review. If denied, the applicant must pay another fee and resubmit a complete application.

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Step 6: After Receiving the CCL

License Validity

• A CCL is valid throughout the State of Illinois for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance, per 430 ILCS 66/10(c).
• The license permits the licensee to:
  • Carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully or partially concealed, on or about his or her person; and
  • Keep or carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle.

Duty to Carry License

A licensee must possess the license at all times while carrying a concealed firearm, per 430 ILCS 66/10(g), except:

1. When carrying on his or her own land, in his or her abode, legal dwelling, or fixed place of business, or on the land or in the dwelling of another person as an invitee with permission;
2. When authorized to carry under Section 24-2 of the Criminal Code of 2012 (except subsection (a-5)); or
3. When the handgun is broken down in a non-functioning state, is not immediately accessible, or is unloaded and enclosed in a case.

Duty to Disclose During Law Enforcement Contact

Per 430 ILCS 66/10(h), if a law enforcement officer initiates an investigative stop (including a traffic stop):

• Upon request, the licensee must disclose that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm, or present the license.
• Upon request, the licensee must identify the location of the concealed firearm and permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the stop.
• During a traffic stop, any passenger who is a licensee or qualified non-resident must also comply with these requirements.

Name or Address Changes

If you move or change your name after submitting your application but before receiving your CCL:

• If the CCL has not yet been mailed, you can update your information by selecting the "EDIT NAME/ADDRESS" button on the ISP website, or contact the Customer Service Center at (217) 782-7980.
• If the card has already been printed and mailed, you must complete the procedures for a formal "NAME/ADDRESS CHANGE."

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Non-Resident Applications

Illinois does not recognize concealed carry licenses from other states through reciprocity. Non-residents from states that allow Illinois residents to apply for that state's concealed carry license may apply for an Illinois CCL, per 430 ILCS 66/40(e). The Pennsylvania Attorney General's reciprocity summary confirms that Illinois does not recognize Pennsylvania concealed carry licenses, but Pennsylvania residents may apply for a separate Illinois CCL.

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Continuous Monitoring

Per 430 ILCS 66/10(k), the ISP continuously monitors relevant State and federal databases for firearms prohibitors and correlates those records with CCL holders to ensure ongoing compliance with the Act and State and federal law.

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FOID Denial Appeals

If a new FOID application is denied, the applicant may begin the appeal process by sending an email to ISP.FRCU@illinois.gov with their name and date of birth to request an appeal review.

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Key Statutes

Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL) Renewal Process

Overview

Illinois Concealed Carry Licenses are valid for five years from the date of issuance. License holders must renew their CCL to continue legally carrying a concealed firearm in Illinois.

How to Renew

CCL holders can renew through the following methods:

• Online at the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website (ispfsb.com)
• Self-service kiosks located at four Illinois State Police facilities:
  • Troop 3/District 5, Lockport
  • Troop 6/District 9, Springfield
  • Troop 8/District 11, Collinsville
  • Troop 10/District 13, Du Quoin

Training Requirement for Renewal

Renewal applicants must complete a 3-hour refresher training course (as opposed to the initial 16-hour training requirement for new applicants). A refresher training certificate must be submitted as part of the renewal application.

• Applicants can renew with a 3-hour refresher training certificate even after the CCL has expired. However, if the CCL is renewed after its expiration date, the card will be invalid while the application is being processed.

Fingerprints

If fingerprints were previously submitted for the initial CCL application, they are retained permanently as part of the applicant's Illinois CCL record. Resubmission of fingerprints is not required at the time of renewal (per ISP FAQ: "Once you submit a Transaction Control Number (TCN), it will remain a permanent part of your Illinois CCL record.").

License Validity During Renewal

Under 430 ILCS 66/70(c), a license is invalid upon expiration unless the licensee has submitted an application to renew the license and the applicant is otherwise eligible to possess a license under the Act. This means a timely renewal application preserves the validity of the license during the processing period.

FOID Card Requirement

A valid Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) card is required to hold a CCL. Per 430 ILCS 66/70(h), if a licensee's FOID card expires or is suspended, the CCL may be suspended for up to one year to allow the licensee to reinstate the FOID card. However:

• Under 430 ILCS 66/70(h-5), if the FOID card expires during the term of the CCL, both the CCL and the FOID remain valid, and the ISP may automatically renew the FOID card as provided in subsection (c) of Section 5 of the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act.
• The revocation provision does not apply to a person who has filed an application with ISP for renewal of a FOID card and who is not otherwise ineligible.

Automatic FOID Renewal (Relevant to CCL Holders)

Beginning January 1, 2023, upon a Firearms Transaction Inquiry Program (FTIP) approval, the ISP will automatically renew a person's FOID card for individuals who have submitted a full set of fingerprints to ISP specifically for their FOID card or CCL. The FOID card will remain active for 10 years from the date of the FTIP approval, so long as the cardholder is not subject to revocation or suspension under the Firearm Owner's Identification Card Act.

Name and Address Changes During Renewal

• Address changes: Can be made during the CCL renewal process.
• Name changes: Cannot be made during a CCL renewal. A separate name change request must be submitted.

Combination (Combo) FOID/CCL Card

All cards issued by the Firearms Services Bureau are now Combination (Combo) cards - a single FOID card with a CCL indicator ("CCL: Yes" or "CCL: No"). CCL holders no longer need to carry two separate cards. The Combo card does not include an expiration date or issue date. An eCard version is also available online for digital display.

Replacement CCL Cost

Whether due to damage, loss, theft, or name/address change, all replacement CCL cards cost $75.00 plus a 2.25% ePay service fee for credit/debit cards. Electronic checks are accepted. Cash, paper checks, and money orders are no longer accepted.

Revocation and Suspension Grounds

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(a), a CCL issued or renewed under the Act shall be revoked if the licensee is found ineligible or no longer meets the eligibility requirements of the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act.

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(b), a CCL shall be suspended if an order of protection or firearms restraining order is issued against the licensee for the duration of the order.

Key Statutory References

• Firearm Concealed Carry Act: 430 ILCS 66
• CCL Violations and Renewal Provisions: 430 ILCS 66/70
• Firearm Owner's Identification Card Act: 430 ILCS 65
• FOID Automatic Renewal: 430 ILCS 65/5(c)

Illinois Concealed Carry Fees and Costs

Concealed Carry License (CCL) Fees

Initial Application

• Illinois Residents: $150 (non-refundable per 430 ILCS 66/60)
• Out-of-State Residents: $300 (non-refundable per 430 ILCS 66/60)
• Payment Processing Fee: 2.25% service fee (or minimum $1.00) for credit/debit cards via Illinois ePay
• Electronic checks are accepted
• Cash, paper checks, or money orders are not accepted

CCL Replacement Card

• Fee: $75.00 (applies to all replacement reasons: damaged, lost, stolen, or name/address change)
• Payment Processing Fee: 2.25% ePay service fee for credit/debit cards
• Electronic checks accepted; cash, paper checks, or money orders not accepted

CCL Validity

• A concealed carry license is valid for 5 years from the date of issuance (430 ILCS 66/10(c))

Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) Card Fees

A valid FOID card is required to maintain a concealed carry license in Illinois (430 ILCS 66/70(h)).

FOID Application

• Fee: $10.00
• Payment Processing Fee: 2.25% service fee (or minimum $1.00) for credit/debit cards via Illinois ePay
• Electronic checks accepted; cash, check, or money orders not accepted

FOID Replacement Card

• Fee: $5.00 (for lost, stolen, or damaged cards)
• Payment Processing Fee: $1.00 ePay service fee for credit/debit cards
• Electronic checks accepted; cash, paper checks, or money orders not accepted

FOID Name or Address Change

• Fee: $5.00 for a corrected card
• Payment Processing Fee: $1.00 ePay service fee for credit/debit cards
• Electronic checks accepted; cash, paper checks, or money orders not accepted

Military Fee Exemption Note

• Active duty military members who are exempt from the FOID application fee are not exempt from replacement card fees (name/address change, lost/stolen/damaged)

Violation-Related Fees

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(e):

• Any person convicted of a violation of the Concealed Carry Act shall pay a $150 fee to be deposited into the Mental Health Reporting Fund, plus any applicable court costs or fees

Additional Cost Considerations

Training Costs

• The Concealed Carry Act requires firearms training as part of the application process (see 430 ILCS 66/70(i)). Training costs are separate from the state application fee and vary by provider.

Fingerprinting

• Applicants may submit fingerprints as part of the application process (see 430 ILCS 66/30 for details). Fingerprinting costs are separate from the state application fee.

Key Statutory References

• 430 ILCS 66/10 - Issuance of licenses to carry a concealed firearm
• 430 ILCS 66/60 - Referenced for non-refundable fee provision
• 430 ILCS 66/70 - Violations and associated penalties/fees
• Firearm Owners Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65) - FOID card requirements

Illinois Concealed Carry Weapon Restrictions

Carrying While Under the Influence

Under 430 ILCS 66/70(d), a concealed carry licensee shall not carry a concealed firearm while under the influence of:

• Alcohol
• Other drug or drugs
• Intoxicating compound or combination of compounds
• Any combination thereof

The standard applied is the same as set forth in subsection (a) of Section 11-501 of the Illinois Vehicle Code (the DUI standard).

Penalties for carrying while intoxicated:

• First or second violation: Class A misdemeanor
• Third violation: Class 4 felony
• The Illinois State Police may suspend a license for up to 6 months for a second violation
• The Illinois State Police shall permanently revoke a license for a third violation

Assault Weapons and High-Capacity Magazines

Illinois requires an endorsement affidavit for assault weapons, high-capacity magazines, and other devices listed in the Act. The Illinois State Police provides an Assault Weapon Identification Guide and downloadable resources for the endorsement affidavit process through the ISP Firearm Services Bureau.

License Revocation, Suspension, and Surrender Requirements

Per 430 ILCS 66/70:

• A concealed carry license shall be revoked if the licensee is found ineligible for a license or no longer meets the eligibility requirements of the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act
• A license shall be revoked if the licensee is found ineligible for a FOID card or no longer possesses a valid FOID card (430 ILCS 66/70(h))
• If the FOID card is expired or suspended (rather than denied or revoked), the concealed carry license may be suspended for up to one year to allow the licensee to reinstate the FOID card
• If a licensee's FOID card expires during the term of the concealed carry license, both the license and FOID card remain valid, and ISP may automatically renew the FOID card (430 ILCS 66/70(h-5))

Orders of Protection and Firearms Restraining Orders

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(b), a concealed carry license shall be suspended if any of the following orders are issued against the licensee:

• Emergency order of protection
• Plenary order of protection
• Interim order of protection (under Article 112A of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 or under the Illinois Domestic Violence Act of 1986)
• Firearms restraining order (FRO), including emergency FROs, under the Firearms Restraining Order Act
• Similar orders issued in any other jurisdiction

The suspension lasts for the duration of the order. The licensee must surrender the license to the court at the time the order is entered, or to the law enforcement agency/entity serving process at the time of service.

The court, law enforcement agency, or entity responsible for serving the order of protection shall notify the Illinois State Police within 7 days and transmit the license to the Illinois State Police.

Firearms Restraining Orders (FROs)

The Firearms Restraining Order Act (passed in 2019) provides:

• Family/household members or law enforcement officers may file a petition alleging that a respondent poses an immediate and present danger of causing personal injury
• If granted, the FRO prohibits the respondent from having custody or control, purchasing, possessing, or receiving:
  • Firearms
  • Ammunition
  • Firearm parts that could be assembled to make an operable firearm
• Emergency FRO: Lasts 14 days
• Plenary FRO: Lasts up to one year
• If the judge finds probable cause that the respondent possesses firearms, a search warrant shall also be issued

Who can file for an FRO:

• Family members (spouse, former spouse, parent, child, stepchild, person sharing a minor child in common, persons related by blood or present marriage, persons sharing a common dwelling)
• Law enforcement officers

Surrender of License Upon Revocation, Suspension, or Denial

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(g):

• A licensee whose license is revoked, suspended, or denied must surrender the concealed carry license within 48 hours of receiving notice to the local law enforcement agency where the person resides
• Failure to surrender is a Class A misdemeanor
• Law enforcement may petition the circuit court for a search warrant to seize the license
• Observation of a concealed carry license in the possession of a person whose license has been revoked, suspended, or denied constitutes sufficient basis for arrest

General Violation Penalties

Per 430 ILCS 66/70(e):

• First violation of the Act: Class B misdemeanor
• Second or subsequent violation: Class A misdemeanor
• ISP may suspend a license for up to 6 months for a second violation
• ISP shall permanently revoke a license for 3 or more violations of Section 65 of the Act
• Any person convicted shall pay a $150 fee (deposited into the Mental Health Reporting Fund), plus applicable court costs or fees

Mental Health Reporting

The Illinois Department of Human Services (IDHS) FOID Mental Health Reporting System collects information on persons who have been:

• Adjudicated as mentally disabled
• Voluntarily admitted to a psychiatric unit
• Determined to be a "Clear and Present Danger"
• Determined to be "Developmentally Disabled/Intellectually Disabled"

Note: Federal regulations prohibit IDHS from collecting information on treatment for alcohol or substance abuse. However, physicians, psychologists, or qualified examiners are required to report any person determined to be a "clear and present danger."

Outpatient therapists are only required to report if a patient is determined to be a clear and present danger, developmentally disabled, or intellectually disabled.

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Federal context

Lautenberg Amendment - 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(9). A misdemeanor crime of domestic violence (MCDV) - any misdemeanor that has, as an element, the use or attempted use of physical force or the threatened use of a deadly weapon, committed against a current or former spouse, parent, guardian, person with a child in common, cohabitant, or similarly situated person - triggers a federal LIFETIME firearm-possession bar that is independent of state law. The Lautenberg disability applies even when the state-court conviction did not involve a firearm and even when no firearm-related penalty was imposed at sentencing. United States v. Rahimi (2024) confirmed the constitutionality of related federal § 922(g)(8) DV-restraining-order disabilities under the Bruen historical-tradition test.

Carrying Under the Influence in Illinois

Illinois law addresses the intersection of alcohol, drugs, and firearm carrying through three statutory frameworks: the Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66/), the Firearm Owners Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65/), and general criminal law provisions. The state takes a strict approach, treating substance abuse as a disqualifying factor for licensure, a basis for revocation, and a criminal offense when carrying while impaired.

Prohibition on Carrying While Intoxicated

Under the Firearm Concealed Carry Act, Section 70 (430 ILCS 66/70), it is unlawful for a concealed carry license (CCL) holder to carry a concealed firearm while under the influence of alcohol, other drug or drugs, intoxicating compound or compounds, or any combination thereof. This is a flat prohibition - there is no threshold blood alcohol concentration (BAC) that triggers the violation. Any degree of impairment from alcohol or drugs while carrying concealed is a violation.

Penalties:

• First offense: Class A misdemeanor (up to 364 days in jail and/or up to $2,500 fine)
• Second or subsequent offense: Class 4 felony (1-3 years imprisonment and/or up to $25,000 fine)
• A violation may also result in suspension or revocation of the CCL by the Concealed Carry Licensing Review Board

Prohibited Locations: Alcohol-Serving Establishments

Under 430 ILCS 66/65, CCL holders are prohibited from carrying concealed firearms in any building, real property, or parking area under the control of an establishment where more than 50% of gross receipts are derived from the sale of alcohol for consumption on the premises. This effectively bars concealed carry in most bars and taverns but not in restaurants where food revenue predominates. The licensee must still comply with posted signage requirements.

CCL Disqualification Based on DUI History

Under the Illinois Concealed Carry License qualifications (430 ILCS 66/25), an applicant is disqualified from obtaining a CCL if they have been convicted or found guilty of:

• Two or more violations related to driving while under the influence of alcohol, other drug or drugs, intoxicating compound or compounds, or any combination thereof, within the last five years

This means:

• A single DUI conviction does not automatically disqualify an applicant, but two or more DUI convictions within a five-year window will result in denial of a CCL
• The five-year lookback period is measured from the date of conviction, not the date of offense
• The disqualification applies to DUI convictions from Illinois or any other state, as the statutory language specifies "in Illinois or any other state"
• Convictions outside this rolling window do not count toward this specific disqualification, though they may be relevant to other eligibility criteria

Source: Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau, CCL qualification requirements (isp.illinois.gov)

Alcohol and Drug Treatment as a Disqualifying Factor

An applicant for a CCL is also disqualified if they have been:

• In residential or court-ordered treatment for alcoholism, alcohol detoxification, or drug treatment within the last five years

This is a separate and independent disqualification from the DUI conviction rule. Key distinctions:

• No criminal conviction is required - undergoing qualifying treatment alone is sufficient to bar CCL issuance for five years
• The disqualification covers residential treatment (inpatient) and court-ordered treatment, but does not explicitly include voluntary outpatient counseling or support group attendance (e.g., AA/NA meetings) that is not court-ordered
• The five-year clock runs from the date treatment concluded, not the date it began

Source: Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau, CCL qualification requirements (isp.illinois.gov)

FOID Card and Substance Abuse Reporting

Illinois maintains a FOID Mental Health Reporting System administered through the Illinois Department of Human Services (IDHS). There is an important federal limitation on what can be reported:

• Federal regulations (42 CFR Part 2) prohibit IDHS from collecting treatment records for alcohol or substance abuse for inclusion in the FOID Mental Health Reporting System
• Alcohol or substance abuse treatment information is not reported to the DHS FOID Mental Health Reporting System
• Critical exception: A physician, psychologist, or qualified examiner is required to report any person who is determined to be a "clear and present danger" to themselves or others - regardless of whether the underlying condition involves substance abuse

This means that while substance abuse treatment records are not automatically fed into the FOID reporting system, a mental health professional who determines a patient poses a clear and present danger must still make a report. Such a report could affect both FOID card validity and CCL eligibility, potentially resulting in revocation of both.

Additionally, under the FOID Act (430 ILCS 65/8), a person may be denied a FOID card or have it revoked if they are determined to be a danger to themselves or others, or if they are a patient in a mental health facility - conditions that may overlap with severe substance abuse disorders.

Source: Illinois State Police Office of Firearms Safety FAQs (isp.illinois.gov)

Misdemeanor Violence Disqualification (Related)

In addition to substance-related disqualifications, a CCL applicant is disqualified if convicted or found guilty of:

• A misdemeanor involving the use or threat of physical force or violence to any person within the last 5 years (in Illinois or any other state)

This is relevant to alcohol and drug situations because:

• Alcohol- or drug-related violent incidents (e.g., bar fights, domestic battery while intoxicated) may trigger this separate disqualification even if the DUI threshold has not been met
• A DUI involving injury to another person could potentially qualify as both a DUI-related disqualification and a violence-related disqualification

Source: Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau, CCL qualification requirements (isp.illinois.gov)

Enforcement Context: CCL Certification Integrity

Illinois actively enforces the integrity of the CCL qualification process. In March 2025, the Illinois Attorney General obtained a guilty plea from a Sangamon County woman for falsifying concealed carry certifications, demonstrating that the state prosecutes those who attempt to circumvent the training and qualification requirements - including the substance-related disqualifications discussed above.

Source: Illinois Attorney General press release, March 28, 2025

Out-of-State Permits and Illinois Law

Illinois does not recognize concealed carry permits from other states. The case of People v. Williams (Illinois Appellate Court) illustrates this: the defendant held a valid Indiana concealed carry permit but carried a firearm into Illinois without an Illinois FOID card or CCL. He was convicted of Aggravated Unlawful Use of a Weapon (AUUW). The trial court noted that while an out-of-state permit could be considered as mitigation in sentencing, there was no statute or case law allowing it to substitute for Illinois licensure. This is relevant to the alcohol context because an individual who loses their Illinois CCL due to DUI disqualifications cannot simply rely on an out-of-state permit to carry in Illinois.

Source: People v. Williams, Illinois Appellate Court (illinoiscourts.gov)

Summary of Alcohol/Drug-Related Restrictions

Key Statutory and Regulatory References

• 430 ILCS 66/25 - Concealed Carry License eligibility qualifications, including DUI and substance treatment disqualifications
• 430 ILCS 66/65 - Prohibited areas for concealed carry, including alcohol-serving establishments
• 430 ILCS 66/70 - Prohibited conduct while carrying, including carrying under the influence
• 430 ILCS 65/8 - FOID Card denial and revocation grounds
• 42 CFR Part 2 - Federal regulations on confidentiality of substance use disorder patient records (basis for prohibition on reporting substance abuse treatment to FOID Mental Health Reporting System)
• Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau - Administering authority for CCL and FOID applications
• Illinois State Police Office of Firearms Safety - FOID Mental Health Reporting System administration

Illinois Firearm Storage Requirements

General Storage Requirements

Illinois law requires that firearms be stored securely when certain individuals are present in the home or have potential access.

Secure Storage When Vulnerable Persons Are Present

If any of the following individuals are present, firearms must be placed in a securely locked box or container:

• Children younger than 18 years old
• Anyone who is prohibited from having a firearm
• Any person who is at-risk of harming themselves or others

Important: Illinois law specifically requires firearms to be placed in a securely locked box or container - it is not sufficient to simply store firearms in a location believed to be secure from these individuals.

Penalties: Failure to comply with secure storage requirements can result in fines. The relevant statute is referenced as the Firearms: Child Protection provision under 720 ILCS 5/24-9.

Source: Illinois State Police, FOID page (isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Foid)

Safe Gun Storage Act

Illinois enacted the Safe Gun Storage Act (Public Act 104-0031), which is linked on the ISP FOID page alongside lost or stolen firearms reporting requirements.

Storage in Vehicles (CCL Holders)

CCL holders who are prohibited from carrying a concealed firearm into a prohibited location are permitted to:

• Carry a concealed firearm on or about their person within a vehicle into the parking area of a prohibited location
• Store a firearm or ammunition concealed in a case within a locked vehicle or locked container out of plain view within the vehicle in the parking area
• Carry a concealed firearm in the immediate area surrounding the vehicle within a prohibited parking lot area only for the limited purpose of storing or retrieving a firearm within the vehicle's trunk

Exceptions: This parking lot storage provision does not apply to:

• Any area where firearms are prohibited under federal law
• Property regulated by the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission

Source: 430 ILCS 66 (Firearm Concealed Carry Act); ISP FAQ

Lost or Stolen Firearms Reporting Requirements

Under Illinois law, firearm owners must report the following information to local law enforcement within 48 hours of discovering a firearm is lost or stolen:

• The date the firearm was lost or stolen
• The last known location of the firearm
• The caliber, make, model, and serial number of the firearm
• A description of circumstances under which the firearm was lost or stolen
• FOID number, if applicable

Penalty for Non-Compliance: Failure to report the loss or theft of a firearm two or more times within 48 hours of discovery may result in FOID Card revocation. This provision becomes effective January 1, 2026 as an eligibility disqualifier for FOID cards.

Source: ISP FOID page; FOID FAQ (430 ILCS 65)

Storage Upon FOID Revocation or Suspension

Per the FOID Act (430 ILCS 65/9.5), within 48 hours of receiving notification of FOID revocation or suspension, the cardholder must:

1. Surrender the FOID Card to local law enforcement
2. Transfer all firearms in their possession or control
3. Complete a Firearm Disposition Record (FDR)

Failure to comply constitutes a Class A misdemeanor.

Storage Upon FOID Expiration

If a FOID card is allowed to expire, the holder may no longer possess firearms in Illinois. All firearms must be transferred to a person lawfully eligible to possess firearms, either through a Federally Licensed Firearm Dealer or the Person to Person Verify Portal.

Source: ISP FOID FAQ; ISP FOID Revoked page

CCL Training Curriculum on Storage

The mandatory 16-hour CCL training course includes a minimum of 2 hours covering "All Applicable State and Federal Laws Relating to the Ownership, Storage, Carry and Transportation of a Firearm," ensuring CCL holders are educated on storage obligations.

Source: ISP CCL FAQ

Illinois Transportation Laws for Concealed Carry

Carrying a Concealed Firearm (430 ILCS 66/10)

Under Section 10(c) of the Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act, a valid concealed carry license permits the licensee to:

• (c)(1) Carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully concealed or partially concealed, on or about his or her person; and
• (c)(2) Keep or carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle.

The license is valid throughout the State of Illinois for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance.

Requirements During Traffic Stops (430 ILCS 66/10(h))

If a law enforcement officer initiates an investigative stop, including a traffic stop, the following rules apply:

1. Duty to Disclose: Upon the request of the officer, the licensee or qualifying non-resident must disclose that he or she is in possession of a concealed firearm under the Act, or present the concealed carry license upon request (if a licensee), or present evidence under paragraph (2) of subsection (e) of Section 40 of the Act that he or she is a non-resident qualified to carry under that subsection.
2. Satisfying the Disclosure Requirement: The disclosure requirement under subsection (h) is satisfied if the licensee presents his or her license to the officer, or the non-resident presents to the officer evidence under paragraph (2) of subsection (e) of Section 40 of this Act that he or she is qualified to carry under that subsection.
3. Identify Location: Upon the officer's request, the licensee or non-resident must identify the location of the concealed firearm.
4. Permit Securing of Firearm: Upon the officer's request, the licensee or non-resident must permit the officer to safely secure the firearm for the duration of the investigative stop.
5. Passengers: During a traffic stop, any passenger within the vehicle who is a licensee or a non-resident carrying under subsection (e) of Section 40 must also comply with these same disclosure and compliance requirements.

Contact with Law Enforcement or Emergency Services (430 ILCS 66/10(h-1))

If a licensee carrying a firearm (or a non-resident carrying a firearm in a vehicle under subsection (e) of Section 40) is contacted by law enforcement or emergency services personnel:

• The officer or emergency personnel may secure the firearm or direct that it be secured during the contact if deemed necessary for the safety of any person present.
• The licensee or non-resident shall submit to the order to secure the firearm.
• Once the officer determines the licensee or non-resident is not a threat and is physically and mentally capable of possessing the firearm, the firearm shall be returned before releasing the person from the scene.
• If the licensee or non-resident is transported for treatment, the firearm shall be turned over to a peace officer, who must provide a receipt including the make, model, caliber, and serial number of the firearm.

Carrying Without a License on Your Person (430 ILCS 66/10(g))

A licensee must possess the license at all times while carrying concealed, except:

1. When carrying on his or her own land, in his or her abode, legal dwelling, or fixed place of business, or on the land or in the legal dwelling of another person as an invitee with permission.
2. When authorized to carry under Section 24-2 of the Criminal Code of 2012 (except subsection (a-5)).
3. When the handgun is broken down in a non-functioning state, is not immediately accessible, or is unloaded and enclosed in a case.

Non-Residents Carrying in Vehicles

Non-residents carrying a concealed firearm under subsection (e) of Section 40 of the Act are subject to the same traffic stop disclosure and compliance requirements as Illinois licensees (per Section 10(h) and 10(h-1)).

Key Statutory References

• 430 ILCS 66/10 - Issuance of licenses to carry a concealed firearm
• 430 ILCS 66/40(e) - Non-resident carrying provisions
• 720 ILCS 5/24-2 - Exemptions under the Criminal Code of 2012

Source Authority

• P.A. 102-237, eff. 1-1-22
• P.A. 102-538, eff. 8-20-21
• P.A. 102-813, eff. 5-13-22

State Preemption - Illinois

Illinois has a partial preemption framework regarding firearm and concealed carry regulation - one of the most distinctive in the nation. Unlike the vast majority of states that use preemption to restrict local firearm regulation, Illinois is the only state that regularly employs floor preemption and savings clauses across firearm policy topics, preserving significant local authority while establishing statewide minimums.

Constitutional Framework

Illinois's preemption landscape is shaped by the Illinois Constitution of 1970, Article VII, Section 6, which grants home rule municipalities (those with populations greater than 25,000) broad regulatory powers:

"(a) *** Except as limited by this Section, a home rule unit may exercise any power and perform any function pertaining to its government and affairs including, but not limited to, the power to regulate for the protection of the public health, safety, morals and welfare."

• Ill. Const. 1970, Art. VII, § 6(a)

Critically, Section 6(i) establishes the standard for state preemption of home rule authority:

"Home rule units may exercise and perform concurrently with the State any power or function of a home rule unit to the extent that the General Assembly by law does not specifically limit the concurrent exercise or specifically declare the State's exercise to be exclusive."

• Ill. Const. 1970, Art. VII, § 6(i)

The Illinois Supreme Court has interpreted Section 6(i) as eliminating, or reducing to a "bare minimum," circumstances under which local home rule powers are preempted by judicial interpretation of unexpressed legislative intent. Scadron v. Des Plaines, 153 Ill.2d 164, 185 (1992). Section 6(a) gives home rule units "the broadest powers possible." City of Chicago v. Roman, 292 Ill. App.3d 546, 685 N.E.2d 967 (1997); Scadron, 153 Ill.2d at 174-75; Town of Cicero v. LaFrancis, 282 Ill. App.3d 556, 557 (1996). Under Section 6(i), the General Assembly can restrict the concurrent exercise of a home rule unit's power by enacting a law that specifically limits such power; but unless a state law specifically states that a home rule unit's power is limited, the authority of a home rule unit to act concurrently with the state cannot be considered restricted. Scadron, 153 Ill.2d at 188; Village of Bolingbrook v. Citizens Utils. Co., 158 Ill.2d 133, 138 (1994). Where the legislature has not been specific, courts will not find preemption of home rule authority. City of Chicago v. Roman, 292 Ill. App.3d at 551.

Concealed Carry Act Preemption Provisions

The Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66) establishes a statewide concealed carry licensing system administered exclusively by the Illinois State Police (ISP). The Act contains preemption provisions in 430 ILCS 66/90 that address the division of authority between the state and local governments regarding concealed carry regulation.

Key aspects of the statewide framework:

• Only the ISP may issue Concealed Carry Licenses (CCLs). The ISP has stated it "will continue to enforce the law in effect" and that "persons who carry firearms without a Concealed Carry License issued by the ISP are subject to arrest."
• Law enforcement agencies participate in the CCL process through the Law Enforcement Portal, which allows them to:
  • File objections against concealed carry applicants during the statutory 30-day objection period
  • Access FOID revocation reports, which list revoked individuals by county, revocation reason, and compliance with Section 9.5 of the FOID Act
  • Electronically confirm that a revoked or suspended individual's FOID card was surrendered and destroyed
  • Upload the FOID Card and Firearm Disposition Record (FDR) directly to the applicant's file
• The Act works in conjunction with the FOID Act (430 ILCS 65) to form the primary state-level regulatory framework for firearm ownership and carry.

Areas Where State Authority Is Exclusive

• CCL issuance and administration - The statewide licensing system is uniform; no local government may create its own concealed carry permit system.
• Regulation of specific licensed professions - The Private Detective, Private Alarm, and Private Security Act of 1993 (225 ILCS 446) contains an express preemption clause in Section 40: "The power to regulate the private detective, private security, private alarm, or locksmith business shall be exercised exclusively by the State and may not be exercised by any unit of local government including home rule units." - 225 ILCS 446/40. The legislative intent (225 ILCS 446/10) declares that these practices are "practices affecting the public health, safety, and welfare and subject to State regulation." This was tested in City of Chicago v. Haworth, No. 1-97-1588 (1st Dist. 1999), where the First District Appellate Court reversed the conviction of a licensed private detective for failure to register a firearm under the Chicago Municipal Code.
• FOID Card system - The Firearm Owners Identification Card Act (430 ILCS 65) establishes statewide requirements. Section 2(a)(1) provides: "No person may acquire or possess any firearm within this state without having in his or her possession a Firearm Owner's Identification Card previously issued in his or her name by the Department of State Police under the provisions of this Act." - 430 ILCS 65/2(a)(1). Section 2(b), which lists individuals exempt from compliance, does not include private detectives.
• Clear and Present Danger reporting - Law enforcement officials, school administrators, and medical professionals must report individuals posing a Clear and Present Danger pursuant to 430 ILCS 65/8.1 and 20 Ill. Admin. Code § 1230.120, notifying the ISP Office of Firearms Safety within 24 hours via the Law Enforcement Portal.

Clear and Present Danger: Detailed Requirements

Clear and Present Danger is defined by statute as a person who: (1) communicates a serious threat of physical violence against a reasonably identifiable victim or poses a clear and imminent risk of serious physical injury to himself, herself, or another person as determined by a physician, clinical psychologist, or qualified examiner; or (2) demonstrates threatening physical or verbal behavior, such as violent, suicidal, or assaultive threats, actions, or other behavior, as determined by a physician, clinical psychologist, qualified examiner, school administrator, or law enforcement official. - 430 ILCS 65/1.1.

Who must report (pursuant to 430 ILCS 65/8.1(d)(2) and 430 ILCS 66/105):

• Law enforcement officials
• School administrators - principals and chief administrative officers (or their designees) of public and private elementary and secondary schools, community colleges, colleges, and universities
• Medical professionals

Liability protection: The physician, clinical psychologist, qualified examiner, law enforcement official, or school administrator making the determination and his or her employer shall not be held criminally, civilly, or professionally liable for making or not making the required notification, except for willful or wanton misconduct. - 430 ILCS 65/8.1.

Effect: Once a Clear and Present Danger determination is reported, if the person is a FOID card holder, the Office of Firearms Safety will determine whether the FOID holder is revoked, denied, or will remain valid. This process is intended to prevent individuals determined to pose a Clear and Present Danger from having access to firearms or firearm ammunition.

Areas Where Local Authority Is Preserved

Illinois courts have consistently held that gun control is a matter of local concern that properly falls within the exercise of a home rule municipality's power:

• Firearm registration ordinances - Home rule municipalities like Chicago may require firearm registration within city limits. Chicago Municipal Code §§ 8-20-030 through 8-20-260. The Code regulates the firearm (requiring registration) while the FOID Act regulates the person (requiring identification). The First District in Haworth distinguished these two regulatory frameworks, finding that "residents of the City must comply with both laws" but that the Code's registration requirement could not be applied to private detectives whose profession is exclusively regulated by the state.
• Municipalities may impose greater restrictions under the FOID Act - The FOID Act, at 430 ILCS 65/13.1, expressly permits municipalities to impose restrictions greater than those in the FOID Act itself. As the Haworth court noted, "the FOI Act expressly permits municipalities to impose greater restrictions" (citing 430 ILCS 65/13.1). This provision is significant because it represents a statutory savings clause - one of many that make Illinois's framework unique nationally.
• Assault weapons bans - In Friedman v. City of Highland Park, Illinois, 784 F.3d 406 (7th Cir. 2015), cert. denied, 136 S. Ct. 447 (2015), the Seventh Circuit upheld Highland Park's local assault weapons ban ordinance, confirming that Illinois municipalities may enact such restrictions. The Supreme Court's denial of certiorari, while having no precedential effect, signaled a continued reluctance by the Court to consider Second Amendment cases following District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008), and McDonald v. City of Chicago, 561 U.S. 742 (2010). Several Illinois municipalities maintain their own assault weapons bans.
• Handgun restrictions - The Illinois Supreme Court upheld Morton Grove's handgun ban in Kalodimos v. Morton Grove, 103 Ill.2d 483 (1984), recognizing that gun control is a matter for local concern. The Seventh Circuit similarly upheld it in Quilici v. Morton Grove, 695 F.2d 261 (7th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 464 U.S. 863 (1983). While subsequent Second Amendment jurisprudence (Heller; McDonald) has altered the constitutional analysis, these cases established the principle that Illinois home rule units possess inherent authority over firearms regulation.
• Prohibited locations - Local jurisdictions may designate additional prohibited locations for concealed carry within the bounds allowed by state law under 430 ILCS 66/90.
• Zoning and discharge ordinances - Certain local regulations such as zoning restrictions on firearms businesses and discharge ordinances may remain enforceable.

The Haworth Decision: Anatomy of the Preemption Analysis

The 1999 First District Appellate Court decision in City of Chicago v. Haworth provides the most detailed judicial analysis of the interaction between state professional licensing preemption and municipal firearms regulation in Illinois.

Facts: Don Haworth, a state-licensed private detective with ten years of experience, was arrested in Chicago for possessing an unregistered Glock 9mm semi-automatic handgun while engaged in his work. Haworth possessed valid state credentials including a Permanent Employee Registration Card, Firearms Authorization Card, FOID Card, and Employee Identification Card. The handgun was borrowed from a colleague in Arlington Heights while Haworth's own firearm was being repaired.

The City's argument: Chicago argued that (1) gun control is a matter of local concern under home rule power; (2) Section 40 of the Private Detective Act does not limit home rule authority to impose general firearms registration laws on private detectives; and (3) the Code does not exempt private detectives from registration - indeed, Section 8-20-050(c)(4) of the Code specifically contemplates that private detective agencies may register firearms, suggesting that registration is required.

The Court's analysis: The First District agreed with Haworth. The court found that Section 40's language - "exclusively by the State" - invoked the constitutional standard under Section 6(i) by specifically declaring the state's exercise to be exclusive with respect to the private detective business. The court also addressed the Private Detective Act's Section 185(b), which allows a licensed employee to carry a firearm "not otherwise prohibited by law." The court interpreted "law" in this provision as referring to state law, reasoning that if municipalities could independently restrict private detectives' firearms, "a private detective could not own or possess a firearm while in any community in which his firearm was not registered," effectively undermining the state licensing scheme.

Key distinction: The court distinguished between the Code (which regulates the firearm by requiring registration) and the FOID Act (which regulates the person by requiring identification), but held that applying the Code's registration requirements to private detectives improperly interfered with the state's exclusive jurisdiction over their profession.

Limitation of the holding: The Haworth decision is narrow - it shields only licensed private detectives (and likely other professions exclusively regulated by the state under similar preemption clauses) from municipal firearms registration requirements. The court did not hold that Chicago's general firearm registration ordinance was invalid; it remains enforceable against all other individuals.

Illinois's Unique National Position

A comprehensive 2021 study published in the American Journal of Public Health (Pomeranz et al., "State Gun-Control, Gun-Rights, and Preemptive Firearm-Related Laws Across 50 US States for 2009-2018") found that Illinois occupies a unique position nationally:

• As of 2018, Illinois had only 14 ceiling preemptive measures - among the fewest of any state. By comparison, Arizona and Alabama had ceiling preemption over all 47 policy topics evaluated, and 31 states had 44 or more preemptive measures in effect.
• Illinois was the only state that regularly employed minimum standards (floor preemption) or savings clauses expressly allowing localities to regulate firearms, doing so for 32 of the 47 policy topics evaluated. No other state came close to this approach.
• Unlike 15 states (as of 2018) that enacted punitive preemption - authorizing the state attorney general or individuals/organizations to sue local governments or officials for engaging in preempted actions, sometimes with fines or removal from office - Illinois has no punitive preemption measures.
• Illinois repealed 1 gun-control measure during 2009-2018 (likely related to the adoption of shall-issue concealed carry in 2013), while also passing additional gun-rights measures during the period.
• The study attributed Illinois's unique approach in part to Chicago's high rate of firearm violence driven by firearms trafficking from surrounding states with weaker gun-control laws, noting that "given the lack of federal anti-trafficking laws, Illinois, and thus Chicago, is left to fend for itself."
• The study classified Illinois in the group of states with the fewest preemptive measures without corresponding gun-control measures (10 preemptive measures without gun-control counterparts) and only 2 gun-control measures with corresponding preemption - placing it alongside Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York as states that most preserve local regulatory authority over firearms.

Additional context from CDC data: The CDC's STATE System confirms that Illinois maintains no preemption of local ordinances across tobacco control policy topics (licensure, smokefree indoor air, and youth access) - consistent with its broader governmental philosophy of preserving local regulatory authority. Illinois is among only 7 states that have successfully repealed smokefree indoor air preemption provisions.

The Federal Preemption Context

Illinois's firearms preemption framework exists within a broader legal landscape of federal preemption doctrine. Under the Supremacy Clause (U.S. Const. art. VI, cl. 2), federal law can preempt state and local law through express preemption (explicit statutory language), field preemption (where federal regulation is so pervasive as to occupy the field), or conflict preemption (where state law conflicts with federal objectives or makes compliance with both impossible).

Critically for firearms regulation, the Supreme Court has applied a presumption against preemption in areas of historic state police power. Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp., 331 U.S. 218, 230 (1947); Wyeth v. Levine, 555 U.S. 555, 565 (2009). Firearms regulation has traditionally been considered a core exercise of state and local police power, meaning federal courts will generally require clear congressional intent before finding that federal law displaces state or local firearms regulations. This presumption reinforces the authority of Illinois and its municipalities to maintain their distinctive partial preemption framework.

Practical Implications for CCL Holders

• The statewide CCL is valid throughout Illinois, but concealed carry is subject to the prohibited locations listed in state law.
• Some local jurisdictions may impose additional restrictions that survive preemption, particularly regarding assault weapons, firearm registration (in Chicago), and discharge of firearms.
• Municipal assault weapons bans - CCL holders should verify whether the specific municipalities they visit have enacted local assault weapons bans or other restrictions.
• Chicago firearm registration - Any person (except licensed private detectives engaged in their professional duties, per Haworth) possessing a firearm within Chicago must register it with the Chicago Police Department under the Municipal Code §§ 8-20-030 through 8-20-260. The Code lists the types of firearms that are registerable at § 8-20-050.
• Consult 430 ILCS 66/90 directly for the full text of the Concealed Carry Act's preemption provisions, including which specific categories of local regulation are preempted versus preserved.
• State law controls the CCL process entirely - local law enforcement may not impose additional requirements for obtaining or carrying under a CCL, but they retain concurrent enforcement authority.
• The FOID Act (430 ILCS 65/13.1) expressly permits municipalities to impose greater restrictions than the state FOID requirements - CCL holders should be aware that local ordinances may supplement state requirements.

Key Statutes and Cases

Note: Illinois concealed carry permit holders should be aware that the state's partial preemption framework means that local regulations vary significantly across jurisdictions. While the CCL licensing system is uniform statewide, some municipalities - particularly Chicago and certain Cook County suburbs - maintain additional firearms restrictions including registration requirements, assault weapons bans, and other local ordinances. The FOID Act's express authorization for municipalities to impose greater restrictions (430 ILCS 65/13.1), combined with Illinois's unique use of savings clauses across 32 of 47 firearm policy topics, means that CCL holders must be attentive to the specific regulations in each jurisdiction they enter.

Red Flag Laws (Firearm Restraining Orders)

Illinois has a "red flag" law formally known as the Firearms Restraining Order (FRO) Act, enacted in 2019 under Public Act 100-0607. The law allows for civil court-ordered temporary firearm removal from individuals judged to pose a danger to themselves or others.

Statutory Authority

• Firearms Restraining Order Act - Public Act 100-0607 (effective 2019)
• Firearms Restraining Order Awareness Act - Public Act 102-0345 (effective June 1, 2022) - tasked IDPH with promoting public awareness of FROs
• Protect Illinois Communities Act - Public Act 102-1116 - extended the maximum duration of a plenary FRO from six months to one year
• FOID Act - 430 ILCS 65/8(f), 430 ILCS 65/9.5 (revocation and surrender requirements)
• Firearm Concealed Carry Act - 430 ILCS 66/70(g) (CCL revocation/surrender upon FRO)
• Karina's Law - Public Act 103-1065 (HB 4144, effective May 11, 2025) - strengthened firearm removal in Orders of Protection under the Illinois Domestic Violence Act (750 ILCS 60) and the Code of Criminal Procedure (725 ILCS 5/112A)

What Is a Firearms Restraining Order?

A Firearms Restraining Order (FRO) is a civil court order that temporarily prohibits a person from:

• Having custody or control of firearms, ammunition, or firearm parts
• Purchasing, possessing, or receiving firearms, ammunition, or firearm parts that could be assembled to make an operable firearm

The order also requires the respondent to surrender all firearms, ammunition, and firearm parts to local law enforcement for the duration of the order.

If the court finds probable cause that the respondent possesses firearms when granting an FRO, the judge shall also issue a search warrant.

Types of Orders

Who Can File a Petition?

Two categories of petitioners may seek an FRO:

Family or Household Members:

• Spouse or former spouse of the respondent
• Parent, child, or stepchild of the respondent
• Person with whom the respondent has a minor child in common
• Any other person related by blood or present marriage to the respondent
• Person who shares a common dwelling with the respondent

Law Enforcement Officers:

• Any law enforcement officer who files a petition alleging that the respondent poses a danger of causing personal injury to himself, herself, or another

Where to File

Petitions must be filed in:

• Any county where the respondent resides, OR
• Any county where an incident occurred involving the respondent posing an immediate and present danger

Court Forms and Assistance

The Illinois Supreme Court, through the Conference of Chief Circuit Judges, provides standardized forms (updated September 2022 and May-June 2024):

• Verified Petition for Firearms Restraining Order
• Emergency Firearms Restraining Order
• Plenary Firearms Restraining Order
• Plenary Firearms Restraining Order Extension
• Motion to Terminate Firearms Restraining Order
• FRO Summons
• Search Warrant Seizure/Premises

Forms are available at illinoiscourts.gov. The circuit clerk's office is required to provide clerical assistance to persons not represented by counsel. The State's Attorney may also provide assistance.

Impact on FOID Card and Concealed Carry License

An active FRO results in revocation of both the FOID Card and Concealed Carry License (CCL). Upon revocation notification, the respondent must within 48 hours:

FOID Card (430 ILCS 65/9.5):

1. Surrender FOID Card to local law enforcement
2. Transfer all firearms in their possession or control
3. Complete a Firearm Disposition Record

CCL (430 ILCS 66/70(g)):

1. Surrender CCL to local law enforcement
2. If lost/destroyed, complete an affidavit attesting non-possession

Failure to comply constitutes a Class A misdemeanor.

If the revoked person is the sponsor of a minor FOID cardholder, the minor's card is also revoked and must be surrendered.

Clear and Present Danger Reporting

Separate from the FRO petition process, Illinois law (430 ILCS 65/1.1) mandates that certain professionals report individuals who pose a clear and present danger:

Mandatory Reporters:

• Law enforcement officials
• School administrators (principals and chief administrative officers of public and private schools, community colleges, colleges, and universities)
• Physicians, clinical psychologists, and qualified examiners (reported through the Illinois Department of Human Services FOID Mental Health Reporting System)

Qualified Examiners Include:

• Clinical social workers (master's/doctoral degree + 3 years post-master's supervised practice)
• Registered nurses with master's in psychiatric nursing (+ 3 years clinical experience)
• Licensed clinical professional counselors (master's/doctoral degree + 3 years supervised experience)
• Licensed marriage and family therapists (master's/doctoral degree + 3 years supervised experience)

A Clear and Present Danger determination can independently result in FOID denial or revocation under 430 ILCS 65/8(f).

Karina's Law: Firearm Removal in Orders of Protection (2025)

Karina's Law (Public Act 103-1065, House Bill 4144) took effect May 11, 2025. It is separate from the Firearms Restraining Order process described above and applies to Orders of Protection under the Illinois Domestic Violence Act. The law is named for Karina Gonzalez, who was killed along with her 15-year-old daughter in July 2023 by a person whose FOID Card had been revoked after an Order of Protection but whose firearms were never actually removed. Karina's Law closes that gap by naming law enforcement as the party responsible for removal and by setting firm deadlines.

Surrender to law enforcement. When a respondent is served with an emergency, interim, or plenary Order of Protection, any firearms, firearm parts, FOID Card, and Concealed Carry License on the respondent at the time of service must be surrendered immediately to law enforcement. Anything not on the respondent at service must be surrendered to law enforcement within 24 hours. Firearms must go to law enforcement rather than to a private FOID Card holder as the prior law allowed, and the respondent may not transfer firearms or firearm parts to another person to avoid surrender.

Search warrant at issuance. The court shall issue a search warrant when it enters the Order of Protection if it finds probable cause that the respondent poses an immediate and present threat to the physical safety of the petitioner, possesses firearms or firearm parts that could be assembled into an operable firearm, and keeps them at the respondent's residence, vehicle, or other property. The petitioner or the State's Attorney may rely on the allegations in the Order of Protection petition to request the warrant.

96-hour execution deadline. Law enforcement must execute the warrant within 96 hours. If the court finds that a credible domestic violence report was made in the previous 90 days, the 96 hours run from the agency's receipt of the warrant. If there was no credible report in the previous 90 days, law enforcement has 48 hours to evaluate the warrant and seek corrections, then 96 hours from any correction to execute. A return of the warrant listing what was seized must be filed within 24 hours of execution.

FOID handling, storage, and return. Law enforcement that takes a FOID Card must mail it to the Illinois State Police FOID Card Office for safekeeping. Seized or surrendered firearms remain with the agency for the length of the Order of Protection. The respondent is responsible for requesting the return of firearms and of any FOID Card or Concealed Carry License, and firearms must be returned within 14 days of the request if the respondent is lawfully eligible to possess them. If an order expires and the firearms cannot be returned because the respondent does not request them, cannot be located, or is not lawfully eligible, the agency may petition the court to destroy the firearms or put them to another lawful law enforcement use.

Relationship to Orders of Protection

FROs are distinct from Orders of Protection (OPs). While both can restrict firearm access, FROs are specifically designed for situations involving firearm danger. Petitions for FROs can be filed by both family or household members and law enforcement officers. The FRO petition process does not affect law enforcement's ability to remove or seize firearms under any other law. As of May 11, 2025, Karina's Law (Public Act 103-1065) strengthened the firearm-removal mechanics for Orders of Protection, as described above.

Usage Data (2019-2020)

DuPage County accounted for the majority of filings (12 in both 2019 and 2020). FRO record sealing practices vary by county.

Public Awareness Initiatives

The "Pause to Heal" campaign is a partnership between the Illinois Department of Public Health, Brady: United Against Gun Violence, and the Ad Council. It is designed to raise awareness about FROs as a tool to pause potentially deadly situations involving a person in crisis who has access to firearms.

The 2021 expansion of Illinois' FRO law requires the Illinois State Police to provide an annual report to the General Assembly or publish statistics on FRO petition filings.

Constitutional Challenges

FRO laws have been challenged in courts in Connecticut, Indiana, and Florida - all of which upheld the constitutionality of such laws. In Illinois, 64 counties have passed "sanctuary county" resolutions signaling reluctance to enforce certain gun laws, though data indicates FROs have still been carried out in some of those counties.

Key Resources

• Illinois State Police Office of Firearms Safety: isp.illinois.gov/FirearmsSafety
• Illinois Courts FRO Forms: illinoiscourts.gov
• Illinois Attorney General: illinoisattorneygeneral.gov
• IDPH Gun Safety / FRO Page: dph.illinois.gov
• FRO Commission Model Policy: Available via ISP website
• IDHS FOID Mental Health Reporting System: foid2.dhs.illinois.gov

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This information is compiled from official Illinois government sources including the Illinois State Police, Illinois Department of Public Health, Illinois Courts, and the Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority. It is intended for general reference only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a licensed Illinois attorney for guidance on specific situations.

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Federal context

United States v. Rahimi (2024). In United States v. Rahimi, 602 U.S. ___ (2024), the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the federal firearm prohibition at 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8) for persons subject to a qualifying domestic-violence restraining order, holding the federal disability survives the historical-tradition test of N.Y. State Rifle & Pistol Ass'n v. Bruen, 597 U.S. 1 (2022). Rahimi is the controlling SCOTUS authority on the constitutionality of federal firearm disabilities tied to domestic-violence findings; it bears on any state-level red-flag / ERPO analysis to the extent those frameworks borrow federal § 922(g)(8) prohibitor mechanics.

Illinois NFA Items & Weapon Restrictions for Concealed Carry

Overview

Illinois imposes significant restrictions on the types of weapons that may be carried, possessed, and used. The following summarizes key weapon restrictions relevant to concealed carry license (CCL) holders and firearm owners in the state.

Concealed Carry - Handguns Only

• The Illinois Firearm Concealed Carry Act (430 ILCS 66) permits only the concealed carry of handguns as defined in the Act.
• Open carry is prohibited. A CCL holder may only carry a handgun that is "completely or mostly concealed from view of the public."
• No long guns, rifles, or shotguns may be carried concealed under the CCL.

NFA Items Under Illinois Law

Illinois law is highly restrictive regarding National Firearms Act (NFA) items. The ISP administrative sources focus on FOID and CCL administration and do not contain a comprehensive NFA-specific section. However, the following restrictions are established under Illinois criminal statute:

Note: The NFA item prohibitions listed below are based on Illinois criminal statute (720 ILCS 5/24-1) and are not directly addressed in the ISP administrative sources referenced elsewhere in this guide. Individuals should consult the statute directly or seek legal counsel for specific questions.

• Machine Guns / Fully Automatic Firearms: Generally prohibited for civilian possession under Illinois law (720 ILCS 5/24-1).
• Short-Barreled Rifles (SBRs) and Short-Barreled Shotguns (SBSs): Generally prohibited under Illinois law (720 ILCS 5/24-1).
• Suppressors/Silencers: Prohibited for civilian possession under Illinois state law (720 ILCS 5/24-1).
• Destructive Devices: Prohibited under Illinois law (720 ILCS 5/24-1).

Protect Illinois Communities Act (PICA)

Illinois enacted the Protect Illinois Communities Act (PICA), which imposed additional restrictions:

• Assault weapons, high-capacity magazines, and certain other devices are restricted under PICA.
• Individuals who possessed such items prior to the Act may obtain an endorsement affidavit through the Illinois State Police.
• The ISP provides an Assault Weapon Identification Guide and PICA FAQ resources for determining which items are affected.

FOID Card Requirement

• All Illinois residents who acquire or possess firearms, firearm ammunition, tasers, or stun guns must possess a valid Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) Card (430 ILCS 65), unless specifically exempted.
• A valid FOID card is a prerequisite for obtaining a CCL.
• The FOID card costs $10.00 and is valid for 10 years.

Ghost Guns

• The Illinois State Police has issued a public notice regarding ghost guns (unserialized firearms), indicating regulatory attention to these items.

Key Statutory References

Note: The NFA item prohibitions in the table above are based on Illinois criminal statute (720 ILCS 5/24-1) and are not directly addressed in the ISP administrative sources referenced in this guide.

Important Notes for CCL Holders

• Only concealable handguns may be carried under the CCL - no NFA items may be carried concealed.
• The CCL does not authorize open carry under any circumstances.
• Consult Illinois criminal statutes (720 ILCS 5/24-1) for restrictions on NFA items and other prohibited weapons. Individuals should seek legal counsel for specific questions regarding the legality of possessing particular items in Illinois.

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Federal context

Bump stocks - Garland v. Cargill (2024). In Garland v. Cargill, 602 U.S. ___ (2024), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the federal regulation classifying bump stocks as machineguns under the National Firearms Act. As a matter of FEDERAL law, bump stocks are no longer NFA-regulated. State law may still independently restrict bump stocks; consult your state's RESTRICTIONS section for any state-level bump-stock prohibition.

P.L. 119-21 NFA tax (2026). Effective January 1, 2026, P.L. 119-21 (the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, signed July 4, 2025) reduced the federal NFA making and transfer tax to $0 for silencers, SBRs, SBSs, and AOWs. Machine guns and destructive devices retain the $200 tax. The federal registration requirements (Form 1 / Form 4, fingerprints, photographs, CLEO notice) remain unchanged.

Additional Resources for Illinois Concealed Carry Laws

Illinois State Police - Firearms Services Bureau

The Illinois State Police (ISP) Firearms Services Bureau is the primary state agency responsible for administering concealed carry licenses (CCL) and Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) cards in Illinois.

Key Online Portals

• FOID/CCL Login Portal: https://www.ispfsb.com/Public/Login.aspx - Apply for, renew, or manage your FOID card and Concealed Carry License online.
• Firearms Services Bureau Main Page: https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid - Central hub for all FOID and CCL information.
• Concealed Carry License Page: https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Ccl - Specific information on CCL applications, requirements, and processes.
• CCL Instructor Certification Portal: https://www.ispfsb.com/Public/Login.aspx - For certified CCL training instructors.
• Person-to-Person Firearm Transfer Verification: https://verify.ispfsb.com/ - Verify FOID status for private firearm and ammunition transfers.
• FOID/CCL Statistics: https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Statistics - Reports and statistics on FOID and CCL issuance.
• Application Instructions (with video tutorials): https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/AppInstructions - Step-by-step guides including user registration, password recovery, and name/address change tutorials.
• FOID Revocation Information: https://isp.illinois.gov/FOID/FOIDrevoked - Information on what happens when a FOID card or CCL is revoked.
• FFL (Federal Firearms Licensee) Login: https://www.ispffl.com/ - Portal for licensed firearms dealers.

Customer Service

• ISP Firearms Services Bureau Phone: 217-782-7980 - For assistance with FOID/CCL applications, name/address changes, and general inquiries.

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Office of Firearms Safety

• Office of Firearms Safety Main Page: https://isp.illinois.gov/FirearmsSafety - Information on Clear and Present Danger reporting, law enforcement portal, and firearms safety.
• Office of Firearms Safety FAQs: https://isp.illinois.gov/FirearmsSafety/FAQs - Frequently asked questions about FOID/CCL appeals, the Law Enforcement Portal, and Clear and Present Danger reporting.
• Email: ISP.OfficeofFirearmsSafety@illinois.gov - For questions about Clear and Present Danger reporting or Law Enforcement Portal access.
• Clear and Present Danger Brochure: Available at https://isp.illinois.gov/StaticFiles/docs/FirearmsSafety/Forms/C&PD%20Brochure%20w%20Mission%20Stmt.pdf

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FOID Card Review Board (FCRB)

Pursuant to Public Act 102-237, the Firearm Owners Identification Card Review Board (FCRB) was created. Effective January 1, 2023, certain FOID/CCL appeals must be filed with the FCRB rather than the ISP Director.

• FCRB Website: https://isp.illinois.gov/FoidCardReviewBoard
• FCRB Email: FCRB.ReliefRequest@illinois.gov

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Law Enforcement Portal

• IL Law Enforcement Agency Portal: https://www.cclisp.com/Public/home.aspx - Used by law enforcement for:
  • Filing objections against CCL applicants during the 30-day objection period
  • Clear and Present Danger reporting pursuant to 430 ILCS 65/8.1 and Title 20 Illinois Administrative Code Section 1230.120
  • FOID revocation reports by county
  • Recording FOID card surrender and destruction
  • Uploading FOID Card and Firearm Disposition Records

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Key Illinois Statutes and Legal References

• Firearm Concealed Carry Act: 430 ILCS 66 - The primary statute governing concealed carry in Illinois (Public Act 98-63, effective July 9, 2013).
  • 430 ILCS 66/10 - Issuance of licenses to carry a concealed firearm
  • 430 ILCS 66/25 - Qualifications for a CCL
  • 430 ILCS 66/30 - Application and documentation requirements
  • 430 ILCS 66/40 - Non-resident carrying provisions
  • 430 ILCS 66/105 - Reporting requirements for Clear and Present Danger
• Firearm Owners Identification Card Act: 430 ILCS 65
  • 430 ILCS 65/8.1 - Clear and Present Danger reporting requirements
  • 430 ILCS 65/1.1 - Definition of Clear and Present Danger
  • Section 9.5 - FOID card surrender and compliance
• Criminal Code of 2012, Section 24-2 - Exemptions for authorized firearm carry
• Illinois Administrative Code, Title 20, Section 1230.120 - Administrative rules for Clear and Present Danger reporting

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Firearm Restraining Orders (FROs)

The Illinois Department of Public Health provides information on Firearm Restraining Orders, which allow courts to temporarily restrict an individual's access to firearms during a crisis.

• IDPH Firearm Restraining Orders Page: https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/gun-safety/firearm-restraining-orders.html
• The "Pause to Heal" campaign is a partnership between IDPH, Brady: United Against Gun Violence, and the Ad Council.

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Name and Address Changes

CCL holders may request a name or address change by:

1. Logging into the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website at https://www.ispfsb.com/Public/Home.aspx and selecting "EDIT NAME/ADDRESS"
2. Calling the Customer Service Center at 217-782-7980 for the call-in alternative

Important: Your CCL must match the name and address on your Illinois Driver's License or State Identification Card. The fee for a name or address change is $75 plus a nominal service fee.

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Assault Weapon Identification Guide

• Available for download at: http://www.ispfsb.com/public/downloadableresource.ashx?id=401

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Illinois State Police Contact Information

• ISP Main Website: https://isp.illinois.gov/
• Contact ISP: https://isp.illinois.gov/Home/ContactISP
• Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ILStatePolice
• Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/ILStatePolice
• YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqmvVzpfjsojFnd50HndO5A

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Other State Resources

• Illinois Concealed Carry License Service Page (Illinois.gov): https://www.illinois.gov/services/service.ccw.html - On July 9, 2013, Public Act 98-63, the Firearm Concealed Carry Act became state law (430 ILCS 66). This law requires an Illinois Concealed Carry License to carry a concealed firearm in Illinois.
• FOID Card Address Change (Illinois.gov): https://www.illinois.gov/services/service.foid-address.html
• Apply for FOID Card (Illinois.gov): https://www.illinois.gov/services/service.foid.html - To legally possess firearms or ammunition, Illinois residents must have a Firearm Owners Identification (FOID) card.
• Illinois Department of Natural Resources - Hunting Safety Courses: https://dnr.illinois.gov/hunting/gettingstarted.html - Phone: 217-782-6302
• Illinois General Assembly (ILGA) - Full Text of Statutes: https://ilga.gov - Search for the full text of 430 ILCS 66 (Firearm Concealed Carry Act) and 430 ILCS 65 (FOID Act).

Illinois Concealed Carry Laws - Frequently Asked Questions

Disclaimer: The following answers are meant only to give general guidance and do not replace statutory language. For questions not addressed here, contact the Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau at (217) 782-7980.

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FOID Card Basics

What is a FOID Card?

The Firearm Owner's Identification (FOID) Card was created in 1968 by the Firearm Owner's Identification Act as part of a public safety initiative in Illinois to identify persons eligible to possess and acquire firearms and firearm ammunition. The FOID Act is codified under Illinois law.

Who needs a FOID Card?

Unless specifically exempted by statute, any Illinois resident who acquires or possesses firearms, firearm ammunition, tasers, or stun guns within the State must have in their possession a valid FOID Card issued in his or her name. Non-residents are not eligible for a FOID Card.

How long is the FOID Card valid?

The FOID Card is valid for 10 years, subject to auto-renewal in certain circumstances.

Is a CCL a replacement for a FOID?

No. The FOID Card is not the same as a concealed carry license. You must have a valid FOID in order to have a CCL.

Who is eligible for a FOID Card?

To be eligible, a person must be 21 years of age or have a parent or guardian sponsor who is eligible for a FOID card. An applicant must not be prohibited from possessing firearms under state or federal law. Disqualifying factors include:

• Conviction of a felony
• Addiction to narcotics
• Patient in a mental health facility within the past 5 years
• Intellectual disability
• Unlawful presence in the United States as an alien
• Subject to an existing order of protection
• Conviction within the past 5 years of battery, assault, aggravated assault, violation of an order of protection, or a substantially similar offense in another jurisdiction, in which a firearm was used or possessed
• Conviction of domestic battery, aggravated domestic battery, or a substantially similar offense
• Alien admitted under a non-immigrant visa (with limited exceptions)
• Minor subject to a delinquency petition for an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult
• Adult adjudicated a delinquent minor for a felony-equivalent offense
• Not a resident of Illinois (in most cases)
• Mental condition posing a clear and present danger
• Developmental disability
• Renounced U.S. citizenship
• Dishonorable discharge from the U.S. Armed Forces
• Conviction of a misdemeanor crime of domestic violence
• Failure 2 or more times to report a loss or theft of a firearm within 48 hours of discovery (effective January 1, 2026)

Can I get a FOID Card if I have a Medical Marijuana License or use cannabis recreationally?

Yes, under Illinois law. However, under federal law (18 U.S.C. § 922, Gun Control Act of 1968), you are subject to restrictions that prohibit you from acquiring or possessing firearms and firearms ammunition. These restrictions remain in effect for one year after the revocation or relinquishment of your medical cannabis card.

FOID Processing Times

• New FOID applications: Processed within 30 calendar days
• FOID renewals: Processed within 60 business days
• Allow up to 10 additional days for printing and mailing

FOID eCard

After logging into the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website, cardholders can view their eCard under "My eCard." The FOID eCard may be used to purchase firearms and ammunition, though it is within the dealer's discretion whether to accept the eCard in lieu of the physical FOID card.

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FOID Card Exemptions

The following persons are exempt from the FOID Card requirement:

• U.S. Marshals, while engaged in official duties
• Members of the Armed Forces or National Guard, while engaged in official duties
• Federal officials required to carry firearms, while engaged in official duties
• Members of bona fide veterans' organizations using firearms for ceremonial purposes with blank ammunition
• Nonresident hunters during hunting season with valid nonresident hunting licenses, while in a permitted hunting area
• Nonresidents while on a firing or shooting range recognized by the Department of State Police
• Nonresidents while at a firearm showing or display recognized by the Department of State Police
• Nonresidents whose firearms are unloaded and enclosed in a case
• Nonresidents currently licensed or registered to possess a firearm in their resident state
• Un-emancipated minors in the custody and immediate control of a parent or legal guardian who has a valid FOID card
• Color guards of bona fide veterans' organizations or American Legion band members using firearms for ceremonial purposes with blank ammunition
• Nonresident hunters whose state does not require licensing/registration, during hunting season, with a valid hunting license, accompanied by a FOID cardholder, and only in commercial club areas licensed under the Wildlife Code
• Resident hunters properly authorized to hunt, accompanied by a FOID cardholder, in commercial club areas licensed under the Wildlife Code

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Concealed Carry License (CCL)

Who needs a CCL?

Everyone who wants to carry a concealed firearm on his/her person in Illinois is required to have an Illinois Concealed Carry License, except:

• Current peace officers
• Retired police officers eligible under a federally approved retired officer concealed carry program (such as the Illinois Retired Officer Concealed Carry (IROCC) Program)

How long is a CCL valid?

A newly-issued Concealed Carry License has a five-year expiration date.

What are the qualifications for a CCL?

The applicant must:

• Be at least 21 years of age
• Have a currently valid FOID card (if an Illinois resident)
• Not be prohibited under federal law from possessing or receiving a firearm
• Not have been convicted or found guilty in Illinois or any other state of:
  • A misdemeanor involving the use or threat of physical force or violence to any person within the last 5 years
  • Two or more violations related to driving while under the influence of alcohol, other drugs, intoxicating compounds, or any combination thereof, within the last 5 years
• Not be the subject of a pending arrest warrant, prosecution, or proceeding for an offense or action that could lead to disqualification
• Not have been in residential or court-ordered treatment for alcoholism, alcohol detoxification, or drug treatment within the last 5 years
• Have submitted a completed CCL application and successfully completed 16 hours of firearms training, including classroom and range instruction

Is open carry allowed with a CCL?

No. You can only carry a handgun as defined in the Firearm Concealed Carry Act if it is completely or mostly concealed from view of the public.

Can I purchase a firearm or ammunition using my CCL?

Yes. As long as your FOID is valid, 430 ILCS 65/3(a) allows you to present your CCL in lieu of a FOID to purchase a firearm or ammunition.

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CCL Application Processing

How long will it take to obtain my CCL?

• With electronic fingerprints: The ISP issues or denies the application within 90 days of receipt of a completed application
• Without fingerprints: The ISP is granted an additional 30 days (total of 120 days) to complete a manual background check

What if my application was rejected for missing a training certificate?

Rejection is NOT a denial. A rejection means your submission is incomplete and needs correction or additional documentation. If rejected, you will be given 60 days to submit the missing information. If you do not provide the missing information within 60 days, the application will be denied, and you will have to pay another fee and resubmit a complete application.

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CCL Training Requirements

Is anyone exempt from the training requirements?

Yes. The exemptions are set by statute and cannot be expanded upon by the ISP.

Can an applicant split training hours between different instructors?

No. Outside of prior training credits, you need to take all the hours during a single class. If there are multiple instructors during a single class, all instructors must sign the training certificate and provide their Instructor ID.

What does "Hit the Target" mean for range qualification?

"Hit the Target" and "Scoring Area" mean a round that has impacted within the black portion of the silhouette on a B-27 target. Any round that breaks the line between the black portion of the silhouette and the non-scoring area is considered a "hit."

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CCL Replacement, Changes, and Cancellation

What does a replacement CCL cost?

All replacement CCL cards (whether due to damage, loss, theft, or name/address change) cost $75.00 plus a 2.25% ePay service fee for credit/debit cards. Electronic checks are accepted. Cash, paper checks, or money orders are no longer accepted.

How do I report my CCL lost or stolen?

Log into the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website or call the Customer Service Center at (217) 782-7980. You must notify the ISP within 10 days of discovering your CCL is lost or stolen.

How do I report a damaged or destroyed CCL?

Request a replacement via the ISP website or call (217) 782-7980. You will retain your current CCL number and expiration date. You must notify the ISP within 10 days of discovering your CCL is destroyed.

How do I cancel my CCL?

Mail your CCL to the Firearms Services Bureau at 801 S. 7th Street, Suite 400M, Springfield, Illinois 62703. Include a note requesting cancellation and explaining why.

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Combo FOID/CCL Card and eCard

What is the Combo FOID/CCL Card?

All cards issued by the Firearms Services Bureau are now Combination (Combo) cards - a FOID card with a CCL indicator showing either "CCL: Yes" or "CCL: No." A Concealed Carry License holder no longer has to carry two cards. The Combo card does not include an expiration date or issue date.

What is the Combo eCard?

All cardholders can log into the ISP website via smartphone, tablet, or other mobile device and view their most recent card by clicking "My eCard." The eCard communicates the status of your FOID/CCL in real time. Similar to a digital insurance card, the Combo eCard can be displayed during a traffic stop. If the CCL is expired but the FOID is still valid, the eCard will show "CCL: No." If the FOID is expired, the eCard will display "EXPIRED."

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Non-Resident CCL

Can out-of-state residents obtain an Illinois CCL?

Yes, but only residents of states or territories with laws related to firearm ownership, possession, and carrying that are substantially similar to Illinois requirements. Currently, the only states considered substantially similar are:

• Arkansas
• Idaho
• Mississippi
• Nevada
• Texas
• Virginia

What if I moved out of state?

Mail your CCL to the Firearms Services Bureau at 801 S. 7th Street, Suite 400M, Springfield, Illinois 62703 with a note that you have moved out of state. If moving to a substantially similar state and you wish to retain an Illinois CCL, contact the Firearms Services Bureau via email at isp.ccw.illinois@illinois.gov to have your FOID canceled so you may apply for a CCL change of address. You must submit your CCL from your new state, a copy of your new state ID, and a notarized Out of State affidavit.

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Prohibited Areas and Signage

Are all state buildings prohibited areas?

Yes. All state buildings are prohibited areas and must be posted as such.

What is the parking lot exemption for CCL holders?

Any licensee prohibited from carrying a concealed firearm into a prohibited location is permitted to:

• Carry a concealed firearm on or about his or her person within a vehicle into the parking area
• Store a firearm or ammunition concealed in a case within a locked vehicle or locked container out of plain view within the vehicle in the parking area
• Carry a concealed firearm in the immediate area surrounding his or her vehicle within a prohibited parking lot area only for the limited purpose of storing or retrieving a firearm within the vehicle's trunk

Note: This exception does not apply to any area where firearms are prohibited under federal law or to property regulated by the federal Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Where can business owners obtain signage information?

Signage information is available on the ISP Firearms Services Bureau website under "Public Signage."

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Law Enforcement Interactions

How will law enforcement respond to citizens carrying weapons?

The ISP continues to enforce the law in effect. Persons who carry firearms without a Concealed Carry License issued by the ISP are subject to arrest.

What if I don't have my physical CCL during a law enforcement encounter?

Similar to displaying a digital insurance card, the Combo (FOID/CCL) eCard allows cardholders to show their most recent information during a traffic stop.

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CCL Denials and Revocations

For questions about CCL denial or revocation, the ISP website contains information on reasons for denial and revocation, firearms rights restoration, types of appeals, forms, and links to statutes and administrative rules.

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Key Contact Information

• Illinois State Police Firearms Services Bureau: (217) 782-7980
• Mailing Address: 801 S. 7th Street, Suite 400M, Springfield, Illinois 62703
• CCL Email: isp.ccw.illinois@illinois.gov
• Instructor Documents Email: isp.instructor.docs@illinois.gov
• Online Portal: ISP Firearms Services Bureau

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Key Statutory References

• Firearm Owner's Identification Act (FOID Act) - 430 ILCS 65
• Firearm Concealed Carry Act - 430 ILCS 66
• CCL Instructor Qualifications - 430 ILCS 66/80
• Purchase with CCL in lieu of FOID - 430 ILCS 65/3(a)
• Federal Gun Control Act - 18 U.S.C. § 922

<!-- federal-context-block:added-2026-05-20 -->

Federal context

Lautenberg Amendment - 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(9). A misdemeanor crime of domestic violence (MCDV) - any misdemeanor that has, as an element, the use or attempted use of physical force or the threatened use of a deadly weapon, committed against a current or former spouse, parent, guardian, person with a child in common, cohabitant, or similarly situated person - triggers a federal lifetime firearm-possession bar that is independent of state law. The federal bar applies even when the state-court conviction did not involve a firearm and even when no firearm-related penalty was imposed at sentencing. The 2024 U.S. Supreme Court decision in United States v. Rahimi reaffirmed that federal firearm disabilities tied to domestic-violence findings remain constitutional under the Second Amendment.